| Objective:To explore the distribution characteristics of TCM syndrome elements and syndromes of patients with common cold in winter in Chengdu,and to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of common cold in this area.Methods:Using a cross-sectional survey method,a questionnaire survey was conducted on 204 patients with common cold to collect general information,initial situation,and present clinical manifestation of the patients.Using scales from Zheng Su Bian Zheng Xue,the syndrome elements and corresponding simplified measurement weights indicated by the patient’s symptoms and signs were registered and summed one by one to determine TCM syndrome elements.According to the theory of syndrome elements composing syndrome in Zheng Su Bian Zheng Xue,combined with expert experience,the syndrome was determined.Establish databases and use SPSS25.0 for analysis.Result:1.General information(1)Among the 204 patients,there were 69 cases(33.82%)in the young group,60 cases(29.41%)in the strong group,and 75 cases(36.76%)in the elderly group,with no differences in the distribution of the number of people in the group(P>0.05).(2)Among the 204 patients,there were 109 female cases(53.43%)and 95 male cases(46.57%),There was no difference in gender distribution among different age groups(P>0.05).(3)Among the 204 patients,there were 21 cases(10.29%)of the Beginning of Winter,42 cases(20.59%)of Slight Snow,50 cases(24.51%)of Great Snow,48 cases(23.53%)of the Winter Solstice,and 43 cases(21.08%)of Slight Cold,showing differences in solar terms(P<0.05),the Beginning of Winter is lower than Slight Snow,Great Snow,the Winter Solstice and Slight Cold.There were 85 cases(41.67%)in the first pentad,60 cases(29.41%)in the second pentad,and 59 cases(28.92%)in the third pentad,the first pentad is higher than the second pentad and the third pentad.There was no difference in the distribution of solar term and pentad in different age groups(P>0.05).(4)Among the 204 patients,no incentive 6 cases(2.94%),one kind of incentives 151 cases(74.02%),two kinds of incentives 44 cases(21.57%),three kinds of incentive 3 cases(1.47%),one kind of inducement is the highest;feeling cold 188 cases(92.16%),overwork 18 cases(8.82%),inadvertent diet 13 cases(6.37%),usually frail 13 cases(6.37%),feeling heat evil 8 cases(3.92%),dry environment 4 cases(1.96%),in the rain and water 3 case(1.47%),humid environment 1 case(0.49%),feeling cold is the most.There was no difference in the number of incentives and the specific incentives among different age groups(P>0.05).2.Initial symptomAmong the 204 patients,there were 22 initial symptoms,among which the top five were 125 cases(61.27%)with runny nose,103 cases(50.49%)with nasal congestion,89 cases(43.63%)with sneezing,87 cases(42.65%)with chill,and 80 cases(39.22%)with fever.The 5 symptoms of chill,fever,sore throat,headache,and body pain,the proportion of young and strong groups is higher than that of the elderly group(P<0.05),the proportion of aversion to wind in the elderly group was higher than that in the young and strong groups(P<0.05),and there were no differences in the other initial symptoms(P>0.05).3.Syndrome elementAmong the 204 patients,there were 24 Syndrome elements,the first six were the exterior 204 cases(100.00%),wind 196 cases(96.08%),cold 170 cases(83.33%),lung 143 cases(70.10%),dampness 115 cases(56.37%%)and phlegm 95 cases(46.57%),the proportion of heat syndrome element in young and strong groups was higher than that in elderly group(P<0.05),the proportion of spleen,qi deficiency and yang deficiency syndrome elements in elderly group was higher than that in young and strong groups(P<0.05).The exterior syndrome elements are mainly grade III,lung syndrome elements are mainly grade II,wind syndrome elements are mainly degree II and III,cold syndrome elements are mainly degree II and III,dampness syndrome elements are mainly degree I and II,phlegm syndrome elements are mainly degree I and II.There was no difference in the distribution of the other syndrome elements and degree of main syndrome elements in different groups(P>0.05).4.Syndrome Among the 204 patients,64 cases(31.37%)of wind cold syndrome with dampness,60 cases(29.41%)of wind cold syndrome,26 cases(12.75%)of deficiency and evil invasion syndrome,16 cases(7.84%)of exterior cold and interior heat syndrome with dampness,15 cases(7.35%)of wind heat syndrome with dampness,8 cases(3.92%)of exterior cold and interior heat syndrome,7 cases(3.43%)of exterior wind syndrome,6 cases(2.94%)of exterior wind dampness syndrome,and 2 cases(0.98%)of wind heat syndrome.Wind cold syndrome with dampness and wind cold syndrome are the main syndromes.The proportion of exterior cold and interior heat type(exterior cold and interior heat syndrome + exterior cold and interior heat syndrome with dampness)in young and strong groups was higher than that in elderly group(P<0.05),and the proportion of deficiency and evil invasion syndrome in elderly group was higher than that in young and strong groups(P<0.05).There was no difference in the distribution of the other syndrome in different groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:The initial symptoms of the common cold in Chengdu in winter are runny nose,nasal congestion,sneezing,chill,and fever.Young and strong patients have typical cold symptoms but elderly patients have atypical symptoms.The main syndrome elements are exterior,wind,cold,lung,dampness,and phlegm.The main syndromes are wind cold syndrome and wind cold syndrome with dampness.The majority of young and strong patients are excess syndrome,it is easy to change into heat and accompany with internal heat,and become exterior cold and interior heat type.As elderly patients with physical weakness and external evil,mixed with deficiency and excess,deficiency and evil invasion syndrome is more common. |
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