Application Of Different Bone Graft Materials In The Preservation Of Extraction Sites

Objective: The technique of site preservation after extracting the tooth is a method which uses guided bone regeneration(GBR)to implant bone grafts and cover biofilm in fresh alveolar fossa after extraction,can effectively slow the alveolar bone absorption.The technique also provides a good soft and hard tissue basis for the implant surgery.How to choose bone graft materials is one of the most controversial issues.This experiment studied the alveolar ridge changes of different bone graft materials on site preservation by comparing the junction of Demineralized freeze dried bone allograft(DFDBA),Perio Glas,Bio-Oss,with the natural healing tooth extraction fossae.Methods:1.40 patients who met the screening criteria of this study were selected for extraction site preservation.According to different intakes,they were randomly divided into four groups: group A: deproteinized bovine bone mineral Bio-Oss bone powder with Bio-Gide collagen membrane,group B: DFDBA with Bio-Gide collagen membrane,group C: Perio Glas with Bio-Gide collagen membrane.D group: blank control group.Experiments use Cone beam computed tomography(CBCT)to measure the changes of alveolar bone height and width on the day and 6 months after extraction site preservation to evaluate the significance of the application of three bone materials to site preservation techniques.2.Human mesenchymal stem cells(hMSCs),Bio-Oss group,DFDBA group,bio-glass group and blank control group were cultured using three kinds of bone powder extract respectively.Cell proliferation in vitro was compared by CCK-8 method on 1 day,3 days and 5 days.and 21 days later using alkaline phosphatase(ALP)assay kit to determine ALP activity.Results:1.A?B?C three groups of alveolar bone were significantly lower than the blank control group in vertical and horizontal bone absorption,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),but there was no statistical difference between the three groups.2.The CCK-8 results of human mesenchymal stem cells proliferation that the absorbance values OD of the experimental group A were 0.067±0.04,0.107±0.08,0.155±0.06,at 1st day,3rd day and 5th day,Group B were 0.216±0.12,0.487±0.19,1.027±0.22 at 1st day,3rd day and 5th day,Group C were 0.259±0.17,0.421±0.11,0.945±0.18,group D were 0.052±0.01,0.041±0.02,0.105±0.05.The B and C group were higher than those of group Aand D,and had statistical difference(P<0.05).3.ALP activity detection experiment: the absorbance value OD group A was 0.6±0.45,the group B was 3.31±2.13,group C was 0.55±0.37,and the OD value of the control group was 0.54±0.45,respectively.Group B was higher than that of the ACD three groups,and there was statistical difference(P<0.05).Conclusions:1.DFDBA has the ability to promote the proliferation of hMSCs and induce their differentiation osteogenesis.2.Biological glass is nontoxic to cells,it can promote the proliferation of hMSCs.3.Using DFDBA and bio-glass extraction site preservation,the preservation effect of alveolar bone width and height is the same as that of Bio-Oss bone powder.