| ObjectiveTo understand the work stress,psychological capital and compassion fatigue status of Emergency nurses,and to analyze the factors that influence the development of compassion fatigue.Furthermore,to explore the pathway of job stressors and psychological capital on compassion fatigue,so to provid references for nurse managers.MethodsThe study is a cross-sectional survey.Convenience sampling method was used to recruit participants of 18 tertiary hospitals in Qingdao city from March to April in 2019.A total of 453 emergency nurses were investigated by questionnaires on job stressors,psychological capital and the Professional Quality of Life(ProQOL)scale.The Statistical package of SPSS22.0 and Amos21.0 were used to analyze all of the data.The main statistical analysis methods included:descriptive analysis,independent sample t test,one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA),Pearson correlation analysis,multivariable linear regression model and structural equation model.Results1.The total average score of psychological capital was(4.11±0.84)points.It was resiliency,Optimistic,hope,self-efficiency arranging from high to low.Factors that influence psychological capital were body health,manager support and weekly average night shift.2.The total average score of job stressors of emergency nurses was(103.68±17.56)points.There were 96.69% of the emergency nurses who were in a moderate and high level of job stress.It was workload and time allocation dimension,nursing work and professional,working environment and equipment,patient care management and interpersonal relationships arranging from high to low.Factors which influence job stressors were body health and manager support.3.The total scores of Compassion Satisfaction(CS),Burnout(BO)and Secondary Traumatic Stress(STS)were(31.67±7.48),(26.89±6.03)and(25.59±6.25)points.Therewere 90.50% of the emergency nurses who were in a moderate and high level of CS.The influencing factors of CS included body health,manager support,job stressors and psychological capital.There were 78.37% of the emergency nurses who were suffering a moderate and high level of BO,factors that influence the development of BO included body health,job stressors and psychological capital,70.86% of the emergency nurses were suffering a moderate and high level of STS,factors that influence the development of STS were the same as BO.4.The job stressors were positively correlated with BO and STS(r=0.521?0.438,P<0.01),nagetively correlated with CS(r=-0.580,P<0.01);the psychological capital was nagetively correlated with job stressors?BO?STS(r=-0.425?-0.648?-0.430,P<0.01),positively correlated with CS(r= 0.666,P<0.01).5.Structural equation model showed that job stressors had a negative predictive role on CS(?=-0.395,P<0.01),and have a positive predictive role on CF(?=0.370,P<0.01);psychological capital played a partial intermediary role between job stressors and CS(?=0.540,P<0.01)and played a partial intermediary role between job stressors and CF(?=-0.599,P<0.01).ConclusionsEmergency nurses were suffering a moderate and high level of job stress and compassion fatigue.Job stressors were nagetively correlated with CS,and positively correlated with BO and STS.Psychological capital was positively correlated with CS,and negatively correlated with BO and STS.Job stressors may directly affect compassion fatigue,and psychological capital can reduce the compassion fatigue which was caused by high job stress.Nursing managers should regnize compassion fatigue which was suffered among emergency nurses and provide interventions to improve the psychological capital,so as to reduce the compassion fatigue. |
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