Study Of Retinal Nerve Fiber Thickness Layer After Diabetic Cataract Phacoemulsification

Objective:To investigate the changes of the average thickness of the macular retina and the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber around the optic disc in patients with diabetic cataract after phacoemulsification.Methods:This study is a prospective cohort study.A total of 68 patients(78 eyes)with cataract who underwent cataract phacoemulsification and artificial lens implantation in the Department of Ophthalmology of Hunan Provincial People's Hospital from December 2018 to December 2019 were selected.They were divided into group A(diabetic group)and group B(non-diabetic group)according to whether they had diabetes.Group A had24 patients(28 eyes)and group B had 44 patients(50 eyes).We are collect data of the retinal thickness of the macular foveal and the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer around the optic disc(mean thickness,nasal thickness,temporal thickness,superior thickness,inferior thickness)and analyze statistics.Results:1.In group A,intra-group comparison was performed.The average thickness of the macular area at 1 week and 1 month after surgery was thicker than that before surgery,and the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).Thickening was not significant,and the difference was not statistically significant(P> 0.05).Group B was also compared within the group.The average retina thickness of the macular foveal at 1 week and 1month after surgery increased compared with that before surgery,and the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).There was no significant difference between the 1 day after operation and the preoperative period(P>0.05).2.At the same time point between group A and group B,it was found that there was no significant difference in the average retina thickness of the macular foveal before surgery,1 day after surgery,and 1 week after surgery(P> 0.05).The average retinal thickness was thicker in group A than that in group B at 1 month after operation,with significant differences between the two groups(P <0.05).3.In group A,intra-group comparison was performed.The thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer around the optic disc on the first day,1 week,and 1 month after surgery was compared with that before surgery.Average thickness around the optic disc,inferior thickness:The thickness was increased at 1 week and 1 month after operation compared with that before operation,and the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05),and the difference was not statistically significant at 1 day after operation(P> 0.05);nasal thickness:There was a statistically significant difference between 1month postoperative and preoperatively(P <0.05),and there was no statistically significant difference between 1 day and 1 week postoperatively(P> 0.05);temporal thickness: There was no statistically significant difference between 1 day,1 week,and 1 month after surgery(P>0.05);superior thickness: there was statistically significant difference between postoperative 1 week and preoperative(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference between 1 day and 1 month after surgery(P> 0.05);group B was also compared within the group.The average disc thickness,nasal thickness,temporal thickness,superior thickness,and inferior thickness were compared: The differences were statistically significant before and after 1 week and 1 month postoperatively(P <0.05),and there was no significant difference between preoperative and 1 postoperative day(P>0.05);4.At the same time point between group A and group B,it was found that the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer around the optic disc(mean thickness,nasal thickness,temporal thickness,superior thickness,inferior thickness)before surgery,1 day after surgery,1 week after surgery,and 1month after surgery,there was no significant difference(P> 0.05).Conclusions:1.Diabetic cataract patients and simple age-related cataract patients will have varying degrees of macular foveal retinal thickness increase after surgery.However,patients with diabetes have more retinal thickness than non-diabetic patients.2.After phacoemulsification surgery for cataract patients,the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer around the disc gradually increases with time in one month,but whether it is complicated with diabetes does not affect the degree of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness change.