| Objective: Depression is a common psychiatric disease,obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)is the most common sleep respiratory disease.The study found that some patients with depression were accompanied by OSA,and OSA should be taken into account for refractory depression.Mc Daniel divided prospective memory into event-based prospective memory(EBPM)and time-based prospective memory(TBPM).Many studies have reported the separation of PM damage in patients with depression,but whether the comorbid OSA can aggravate the prospective memory impairment of patients with depression,there is no domestic research report in this regard.The purpose of this study is to explore the characteristics of prospective memory impairment in OSA patients with depression compared with single disease,so as to provide a reference for clinicians to evaluate the prospective memory function of such patients with comorbidity,and then early intervention.Methods: From January 2018 to February 2019,78 inpatients with depression in the sleep Department of the Fourth People's Hospital of Hefei city were selected to be screened for OSA by PSG.Among them,25 patients with depression meeting the diagnosis criteria of OSA were included in the co disease group and 53 patients without OSA were included in the depression group.At the same time,33 patients who had no depressive symptoms but met the diagnostic criteria of OSA were enrolled into OSA group,and 34 healthy people who had no OSA or depressive symptoms were enrolled into normal control group.All the subjects were monitored by polysomnography,Hamilton Anxiety Scale,Hamilton Depression Scale and prospective memory assessment.The prospective memory impairment characteristics of the patients in the co disease group were analyzed.Results: The scores of Hamilton Anxiety Scale and Hamilton Depression Scale in comorbidity group and depression group were higher than those in OSA group and normal control group [(13.74 ± 1.63),(28.91 ± 2.08)]vs.[(15.13 ± 1.61),(27.26 ±2.53)]vs.[(5.16 ± 1.50),(5.29 ± 2.04)]vs.[(2.67 ± 1.33),(2.44 ± 1.81)],the differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05),but in comorbidity group [(13.74 ± 1.63),(28.91 ± 2.08)] and depression group [(28.91 ± 2.08),(27.26 ± 2.53)](P > 0.05)were no significant difference.The scores of EBPM and TBPM in comorbidity group were lower than those in depression group,OSA group and normal control group [(4.96 ±0.88),(2.54 ± 2.51)]vs.[(6.05±0.61),(3.58 ± 3.26)]vs.[(7.27 ± 0.77),(5.00 ± 4.06)],the differences were statistically significant(P < 0.001);the EBPM score of depression group(6.05±0.61)was lower than that of normal control group(9.21 ± 0.75),the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05),TBPM score of depression group(3.58 ± 3.26),OSA group(5.00 ± 4.06)and normal control group(6.26 ± 3.67)was not significantly different(P > 0.05);scores of EBPM and TBPM between OSA group[(7.27 ± 0.77),(5.00 ± 4.06)] and normal control group [(9.21 ± 0.75),(6.26 ± 3.67)](P > 0.05)were no significant difference(P > 0.05).Conclusion: The depression in the comorbidity group is more serious than that in the simple depression group,which is mainly manifested in the total score of Hamilton Depression Scale.Compared with the patients with simple depression or OSA,the comorbidity OSA of depression aggravates the prospective memory impairment of the patients,that is,both EBPM and TBPM are damaged,which increases the difficulty of treatment.The existence of OSA should be considered for the refractory depression.The prospective of the simple depression group Memory impairment exists separation,only in EBPM.This study provides clinical reference for clinicians to evaluate the prospective memory function of patients with this kind of comorbidity,and then intervene the related symptoms of these patients as early as possible.Early detection and treatment of OSA may be a new direction for psychiatrists to treat refractory depression. |
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