| Objective:To understand the occurrence and related risk factors of premature delivery in Yanan University Hospital 2015-2019.It provides basic data for the occurrence of premature labor in Yan’an area,provides a theoretical basis for health care and prenatal examination during pregnancy,and actively provides a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of complications during pregnancy.Methods:Collect the basic data,clinical data,and neonatal related data of pregnant women who were hospitalized and delivered in the hospital in the hospital’s medical record browser for statistical analysis,and use SPSS 22.0 statistical software package for data processing.The data are normally distributed and the variances are expressed as mean±standard deviation(??±?).The t test is used for comparison between two samples.Counting data is described as a percentage(%),the comparison between groups uses the test,the trend analysis uses the trendχ~2test,and the comparison between multiple sample groups uses the R×Cχ~2test.P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:(1)Yanan University Affiliated Hospital of Yan’an City has delivered a total of 36933 in the past 5 years,a total number of premature births of 2594,and a total premature birth rate of 7.02%.There was no statistically significant difference in the preterm birth rate each year(p=0.238).With the increase of the year,the preterm birth rate did not show an upward or downward trend in the past 5 years.(2)Among the affiliated hospitals of Yan’an University in the past 5 years,there were 1771 cases of spontaneous preterm birth(68.3%)and 823 cases of therapeutic preterm birth(31.7%).Early preterm birth,midterm preterm birth and late preterm birth have statistically significant differences in spontaneous preterm birth and therapeutic preterm birth(P<0.05).(3)The total number of premature births in Yan’an University Affiliated Hospital in Yan’an City in the past 5 years was 2594,of which the cesarean section rate was 49.15%and the vaginal delivery rate was 50.85%.The difference in delivery methods for different types of preterm delivery was statistically significant(χ~2=1074.667;P<0.05).In therapeutic preterm delivery,the cesarean section rate(96.39%)was significantly higher than the vaginal delivery rate(3.61%).In spontaneous preterm labor,the vaginal delivery rate(72.8%)was significantly higher than the cesarean section rate(27.18%).(4)There are many causes of therapeutic preterm birth.The top three causes of therapeutic preterm birth in the hospital in the past five years are:hypertension in pregnancy accounted for 27.71%,placenta previa accounted for 18.67%,and scarred uterus accounted for 9.64%.(5)The total number of premature births in the hospital in Yan’an City in the past 5years was 2,594,among which 1,771 were spontaneous to premature births,and the number of premature rupture of membranes was 950,accounting for 53.66%of spontaneous preterm births.It accounts for 36.63%.Therefore,premature rupture of membranes is the most important cause of preterm birth.(6)In terms of gender,there was no statistical difference between premature infants of all types(X2=0.598,P=0.439);in terms of birth weight,the difference was statistically significant(χ~2=7.439,P=0.006).The difference between the asphyxia rates of premature infants at each stage was statistically significant(χ~2=11.028,P=0.001).The greater the gestational age,the lower the neonatal severe asphyxia rate.There was a statistically significant difference between the neonatal department of preterm infants in each stage(X2=3.929,P=0.047).Early and midterm premature infants were 100%admitted to the neonatal department.Conclusion:(1)Affiliated Hospital of Yan’an University has a premature birth rate of 7.02%in the past 5 years.(2)Spontaneous preterm birth accounts for the main part of preterm birth,and premature rupture of membranes is the main cause of spontaneous preterm birth.The causes of therapeutic preterm delivery are diverse.The main method of terminating pregnancy for therapeutic preterm delivery is cesarean section,and spontaneous preterm delivery is mainly terminated by vaginal delivery.(3)After evaluating the prognosis of the mother and child,most of the weeks of pregnancy termination are more than 34 weeks,indicating that human intervention plays a role.When the mother and child’s condition is stable,the gestational age should be extended as much as possible to improve the survival rate of premature babies. |
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