Research On Key Technologies Of Gene Extraction And Detection Integration

With the rapid development of nucleic acid molecule detection technology,in recent years,there has been an increasing demand for rapid detection and inspection of quarantine sites,emergency treatment of infectious diseases,and clinical bedside in vitro diagnostics.And other features,a fully automated device that can achieve "sample in ? result out" nucleic acid extraction,amplification and detection has become a global research hotspot.This paper uses multidisciplinary fusion technologies such as biology,optoelectronics,machinery,and computer to propose an integrated device design scheme based on nucleic acid extraction,amplification,and detection.It conducts in-depth research and design around biological function modules and automatic control principle technologies.The two key technologies of fluorescence excitation system and device software design are studied in depth.The integrated device studied in this paper mainly includes software and hardware.In terms of hardware design,STM32 was selected as the control chip.Based on the modular design concept,the lower computer was divided into multiple sub-modules.CH340 and CAN communication methods were used to establish a device communication network.A unified PID controller hardware module was designed to achieve stable temperature adjustment.And motor speed adjustment;design a unified motor module to control the stepper motor;focus on the design of the fluorescence excitation system,design and verify the LED light source drive circuit and the LED collimated uniform light path;secondly,the device has performed an electrical fast transient pulse group Test(EFT/B)protection design.In software design,C# technology is used to realize the humanized user interface design of the upper computer,and C language is used to realize the control of the main circuit module,PID controller module and parameter storage by the lower computer.At the same time,the online programming function of the upper computer is mainly designed to realize Different biological experimental procedures should be designed for different experimental samples.In addition,the upper computer and the lower computer coordinate with each other to realize the self-check of the device and the biological experiment program,and to realize the automatic experiment flow from sample input to result output.The integrated device built in this paper uses the principle of silicon filter to adsorb genes at different pH to achieve gene extraction;uses the principle of flat-plate PCR to achieve gene amplification;uses the target on the gene chip to emit light under excitation light,and scans the imaging principle Realize gene detection;realize device control and automation through the control of STM32 single-chip microcomputer and C #.The device's temperature control accuracy,motor speed accuracy,pipetting accuracy,fluorescence system stability and machine movement were tested.The results show that the device meets the design requirements.A gene extraction application experiment was performed using a gene sample of simulated sputum;a gene amplification and detection test was performed using a gene sample and a blank control,and the results verified the biological performance of the integrated device.The results of this paper provide an experimental basis for the research and application of integrated technologies and devices for gene extraction,amplification and detection.