Study On Sleep Quality In Children With Epilepsy And Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

The sleep problem of children is one of the hot spots in domestic and foreign research.Many kinds of diseases can lead to the change of sleep quality.Epilepsy and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)is a common neurological disease in children,is also the two kinds of disease of sleep disorders in children,sleep problems in primary high incidence in children with ADHD and epilepsy,and several studies have evaluated the detailed at home and abroad of primary characteristics of ADHD children’s sleep disorders and epilepsy.However,the relationship between epilepsy,ADHD and sleep problem is complicated and multisided.ADHD is a common comororbidity of children with epilepsy.At present,sleep problem of children with ADHD with epilepsy is a subject that has been widely paid attention to by people.Objective: Through the study of sleep problems in children with epilepsy,primary ADHD and epilepsy–ADHD,the characteristics of sleep disorders in children with epilepsy–ADHD and the influence of factors related to epilepsy on the degree of sleep disorders in children with epilepsy–ADHD were discussed.Methods: 105 children aged 6-14 years with primary ADHD,epilepsy and epilepsy–ADHD but normal intelligence were studied.The diagnosis and seizure type of Epilepsy are in line with the classification and definition criteria of Epilepsy of the International League Against Epilepsy(ILAE)in 2010,and antiepileptic drug treatment is the only treatment method.Epilepsy has been diagnosed for at least 6 months.Children with ADHD are diagnosed according to the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders(DSM-V).Exclusion criteria are: auditory and visual impairment;Mild to severe cognitive impairment;Suffering from depression,schizophrenia and other psychiatric diseases or diabetes,hyperthyroidism and other chronic diseases;Suffering from respiratory or other systemic diseases;Antiepileptic drug therapy is only a part of epilepsy treatment in children;Diagnose any other mental illness(such as anxiety,depression,etc.)and use any psychotropic medication.Methods: this study was divided into three groups: epilepsy group,primary ADHD group and epilepsy–ADHD.It was estimated that there were 35 children in each group,and the three groups were successively enrolled from 2018-10 to 2019-06.All research object line Children Sleep disorder Scale(Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children,SDSC)to assess their Sleep quality and comparison of three groups of Children Sleep disorders;And analyze the influence of epileptic related factors on the degree of sleep disorder in children with ADHD.Results: In the epilepsy group,there were 35 cases,15 males and 20 females.The mean age was(9.40±3.25)years.Primary ADHD group included 35 cases,20 males and 15 females.The mean age was(9.64±2.95)years.A total of 35 cases of epilepsy with ADHD group,21 cases of male,14 cases of female;The mean age was(9.56±3.12)years.The incidence of sleep disorder in epilepsy–ADHD group was 100%,among which 37.14% were mild and 62.86% were moderate and severe.The incidence of primary ADHD was 97.14%,among which 58.82% were mild and 41.18% were moderate and severe.The incidence of epilepsy was 91.43%,among which 68.75% was mild and 31.25% was moderate severe.In addition to excessive sleepiness and sleep apnea disorder,the total score and other sleep and maintenance sleep disorders,arousal disorders,sleep-wake conversion disorders and sleep hyperhidrosis were different among the three groups,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The total score(59.19±7.22)of the epilepsy–ADHD group was higher than that of the epileptic group(51.02±7.81)and the primary ADHD group(55.73±7.43),with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Compared with the epilepsy group,the scores of the children’s sleep and maintenance disorders(20.12±3.62,14.56±2.74),arousal disorders(7.29±2.76,5.94±1.54),sleep-wake transition disorders(15.77±3.12,13.34±3.50),and hyperpermia sleep(7.15±1.15,4.94±1.52)were all higher in the ADHD group and the epilepsy group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Compared with the primary ADHD group,the scores of children’s sleep and maintenance disorders(20.12±3.62,16.74±7.81),arousal disorders(7.29±2.76,6.42±1.49),hyperhidrosis(7.15±1.15,5.20±1.04)were higher,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The score of sleep-wake conversion disorder was lower(15.77±3.12,16.29±2.80),the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with the primary ADHD group and the epilepsy–ADHD,the total score of the children in the primary ADHD group and the scores of the children’s sleep and sleep maintenance disorders,arousal disorders,sleep-wake conversion disorders,and sleep hyperhidnia were all high,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).In the children with epilepsy–ADHD and epilepsy group,the seizure form,severity and whether to receive single drug therapy were not found to be correlated with SDSC score,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>.05).In the epilepsy–ADHD group: 61.54% of the children with partial seizures and 66.67% of the children with general seizures,60.00% of the children with controlled seizures and 80.00% of the children with uncontrolled seizures,64.00% of the children receiving monotherapy and 60.00% of the children receiving non-monotherapy;The total score of SDSC was >,50,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).In the epilepsy group,33.33% of the children had partial seizures and 21.43% had general seizures.28.58% of children with controlled epilepsy and 28.58% of children with uncontrolled epilepsy,26.67% received monotherapy and 40.00% received non-monotherapy.The total score of SDSC was >,50,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion: Epilepsy–ADHD children have a very high incidence of sleep disorders,worse sleep quality than primary ADHD and epilepsy children,especially in falling asleep and maintaining sleep,awakening,sleep hyperhidrosis is particularly prominent.The degree of sleep disturbance in epilepsy–ADHD children was not related to some factors related to epilepsy,but further research was needed.