| Background and Objectives:As the population ages and lifestyle changes,The incidence of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is increasing,threatening the health and safety of human life and increasing the social burden.Heart failure(HF)is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases.It is an advanced stage of various cardiovascular diseases.There are many types of heart failure.One type of HF is divided into heart failure with preserved ejection fraction(HFp EF),heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction(HFmrEF)and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction(HFrEF)according to the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF).HFpEF in three types of HF is a common type in clinical practice,accounting for about 50% of the total number of patients with HF and showing an increasing trend year by year.Although HFpEF has a higher level of LVEF than the other two types of HF,some studies have shown that HFpEF is difficult to treat and has a poor prognosis,and failure to timely intervene to prevent its progress will cause serious harm to the life and health of patients.HFpEF is often not isolated and associated with T2 DM.T2DM is one of the most common endocrine diseases in clinical practice.Compared with type 1 diabetes,T2 DM has a larger proportion and increases rapidly.It can increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases,accelerate the development of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and increase the difficulty of treatment.Due to the atypical clinical manifestations and different characteristics of HFpEF patients,it is not easy to find the complicated T2 DM,which leads to the increase of misdiagnosis rate and missed diagnosis rate.However,the evidence of clinical data,laboratory indexes,echocardiography and coronary angiography is not enough at present,and some clinical data and research support are still needed to explore the characteristics of the coexistence of the two.By collecting and analyzing the relevant clinical data,laboratory indexes,echocardiography and coronary angiography results of HFpEF patients,the purpose of this study is to find out and discuss the relevant characteristics of the two patients,so as to improve the understanding and attention of the clinical workers on the coexistence of the two,which is beneficial to early detection,diagnosis and treatment,so as to delay the progress of the disease and improve the prognosis of the patients.Methods:A total of 165 HFpEF patients hospitalized in the department of cardiovascular medicine,Affiliated Hospital Of Qingdao University from March 2016 to February 2017 were collected.Subgrouping according to whether there are concurrent T2 DM,The patients are divided into T2DM-HFpEF group and HFpEF group,Spss(Statistical analysis)23.0 software was used to compare the clinical data,laboratory test indicators,coronary angiography and echocardiography results of the two groups of patients.where the metrological data in accordance with the normal distribution are represented by mean ± standard deviation,the t test of independent samples is used for inter-group comparison;the median(interquartile)is used for non-conforming normal distribution,and the rank sum test is used for inter-group comparison;the counting data is represented by example(rate),and the chi-square test is used for comparison between the two groups.P<0.05 was statistically significant.Results:1.There were inter-group differences in sex,length of stay,NewYork Cardiology Association(NYHA)grade of cardiac function,hypertension,and old myocardial infarction in the comparison of general clinical data between HFpEF-T2 DM and simple HFpEF groups(P<0.05).The patients in HFpEF-T2 DM group were more female than those in simple HFpEF group,with long days of hospitalization,heavy grade of NYHA heart function,hypertension and old myocardial infarction.2.There were inter-group differences in monocyte count and hemoglobin in the comparison of laboratory test indexes between HFpEF-T2 DM and simple HFpEF groups(P<0.05).HFpEF-T2 DM group had lower hemoglobin and higher monocyte monocyte count than patients in HFpEF group.3.There were inter-group differences in the thickness of the posterior wall of the left ventricle and the thickness of the ventricular septum in the echocardiographic comparison between HFpEF-T2 DM and simple HFpEF groups(P<0.05).The thickness of ventricular septum and left ventricular posterior wall increased in HFpEF-T2 DM group compared with those in simple HFpEF group.4.The results of coronary angiography in HFpEF-T2 DM group and simple HFpEF group showed differences in the degree of stenosis of anterior descending branch and circumflex branch and coronary artery lesions of two or more branches(P<0.05).The anterior descending branch and circumflex branch stenosis in HFpEF-T2 DM group were more severe than those in simple HFpEF group.Conclusions:HFpEF-T2 DM group had longer days of hospitalization and more women than the simple HFpEF group,with a heavy grade of NYHA heart function,more hypertension and old myocardial infarction.The thickness of ventricular septum and left ventricular posterior wall increased in HFpEF-T2 DM group,and coronary artery disease was more serious than that in simple HFpEF group. |
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