Depression Of The Elderly In Rural Areas Of Yongshun County,Western Hunnan And Its Influencing Factors

Objectives:To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of depression in rural areas of Yongshun County,Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture,Hunan Province,and to provide scientific basis and reference for improving the depression status of rural elderly and making relevant preventive measures.Methods:The method of stratified sampling was used to carry out a questionnaire survey on the elderly aged 60 and over in three township rural areas of Yongshun County,Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture,Hunan Province from November 2018 to March 2019.Questionnaire included the self-rating scale of depression in the elderly(GDS-30)and self-made questionnaire.After strict and systematic training,the investigators collected the questionnaire data of the elderly by means of face-to-face interview.Data collection and collation with SPSS23.0 software for statistical description and analysis.Results:1.Of the 210 elderly people surveyed,76 had depressive symptoms,and the incidence of depressive symptoms in the elderly was 36.2%,of which 58 had mild depressive symptoms(27.6%)and 18 had moderate and severe depressive symptoms(8.6%).The GDS score range was 0~30,with an average score(10.55±5.973).2.Single factor analysis showed: gender,age,marital status,education level,monthly income,chronic illness,whether or not to live with children,smoking,drinking,physical exercise,hobbies,self-evaluation and life events in the past year,the death of relatives and friends,financial difficulties,unpleasant experiences and positive sexual events were statistically significant differences in the occurrence of depressive symptoms among the elderly in rural areas of Yongshun county(P <0.05).3.Binary logistic regression analysis showed that poor self-conscious economic conditions could increase the risk of depression in rural elderly[OR:7.109,95%CI:1.495 to 33.801,P:0.014],while having financial difficulties in the last year was also a risk factor for depression symptoms in rural elderly[OR:11.111,95%CI:2.254 to 54.772,P:0.003].With partners [OR:0.197,95%CI:0.042 to 0.929,P:0.040],no smoking [OR:0.082,95% CI:0.008 to 0.830,P:0.034],optimism [OR:0.005,95%CI:0.001 to 0.040,P:0.000] and positive events in the last year [OR:0.166,95% CI:0.034 to 0.819,P:0.027] are protective factors for depressive symptoms in the elderly.Conclusion:The incidence of depression in rural areas of Yongshun County,Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture,Hunan Province is high,the status of depression is not optimistic,should be highly valued,and affected by lifestyle,self-evaluation,life events,economic level and other factors,especially by economic difficulties.Followed by partner,non-smoking,optimistic and positive events can reduce the incidence of depression symptoms in rural elderly in Yongshun County.Township institutions should strengthen the monitoring of mental health of the elderly,and all relevant departments should take targeted intervention measures to improve the mental health level and quality of life of the elderly.