Correlation Between Serum 25(OH)D Level And Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia In Preterm Infants

Objective:To discuss the correlation between serum 25(OH)D level and BPD in preterm infants by retrospective unmatched case-control study,so as to provide more reference for clinical management of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.Methods:A retrospective unmatched case-control study was conducted on preterm infants with gestational age less than 32 weeks and admitted to the pediatric neonatal ward of the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University within 24 hours of birth.According to the 2018 NICHD BPD clinical diagnostic criteria to diagnose BPD,which was divided into case group and control group.The results of serum 25(OH)D were collected within 72 hours of birth,and the clinical data of mothers and preterm infants were collected.Use SPSS22.0 statistical software to analyze the data.The difference of p<0.05 is statistically significant.Results:1.68 cases of premature infants were included,including 34 cases in the case group and 34 cases in the control group.Among them,28 cases(82.4%)were classified as BPD I,3 cases(8.8%)as BPD ?,3 cases(8.8%)as BPD III.2.Serum 25(OH)D level within 72 hours of birth was 30.80(23.25,47.45)nmol/L,of which case group was 26.59(22.27,34.96)nmol/L,control group was 39.70(24.73,59.14)nmol/L,The serum 25(OH)D level of the case group was lower than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).3.The incidence of vitamin D deficiency(VDD)within 72 hours of birth in premature infants with gestational age of less than 32 weeks was 61.8%,of which the incidence rate of VDD in the case group was 76.5%,and the incidence rate of VDD in the control group was 47.1%.The incidence of VDD was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).4.The serum 25(OH)D level of BPD I was 26.90±17.31 nmol/l,the serum 25(OH)D level of BPD II was 33.04±24.12nmol/l,the serum 25(OH)D level of BPD ? was 16.60±0.00nmol/l,and there was no statistically significant difference in serum 25(OH)D levels between preterm infants with different grades of BPD(p>0.05).5.The incidence of BPD in preterm infants with serum 25(OH)D>50nmol/L was 25.0%,the incidence of BPD in preterm infants with serum 25(OH)D between 37.5?50nmolL was 40.0%,and the incidence of serm 25(OH)D The incidence of BPD in preterm infants ?37.5nmol/L was 61.9%.The incidence of BPD in preterm infants with serum 25(OH)D?37.5nmol/L was higher than that in preterm infants with serum 25(OH)D>50nmol/L,the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).However the incidence of BPD in preterm infants with a serum 25(OH)D of 37.5-50 nmol/L was not statistically different from the incidence of BPD in 37.5-50 nmol/L and?37.5 nmol/L preterm infants(p>0.05)).6.There was a negative correlation between serum 25(OH)D and the occurrence of BPD within 72 hours of birth in preterm infants(rs=-0.256,p=0.035);serum 25(OH)D>50nmol/L was a protective factor for the occurrence of BPD(OR=0.244,95%CI of OR was 0.069?0.860,p<0.05);serum 25(OH)D ?37.5nmol/L was a risk factor for BPD(OR=3.656,95%CI of OR was 1.292?10.344,P<0.05).7.The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of serum 25(OH)D<33.44nmol/L for predicting BPD were 76.5%,58.8%,65.0%and 71.4%,respectively.Conclusions:1.Vitamin D deficiency may be related to the occurrence of BPD;2.The value of serum 25(OH)D in predicting BPD needs further study.