CO₂ Lattice Laser Assisted Transdermal Technique Combined With Drugs For Treatment Of 40 Patients With Alopecia Areata

Objective:The main objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions of CO2 lattice laser-assisted transdermal technology combined with drugs for the treatment of alopecia areataMethods:1.Patients with alopecia areata diagnosed in our department's outpatient department from August 2019 to January 2020 were selected.regardless of gender,age 12 to 65 years old,patients informed consent and signed informed consent,children under 18 years of age signed by guardian.2.Select a more uniform and regular alopecia area(area?4cm2),and divide it into laser treatment group and non-laser treatment group by short axis or long axis.Laser treatment group:CO2 Lattice Laser+drugs(topical glucocorticoid,Minoxidil liniment,Yufa scalp nutrition solution),no laser treatment group:drugs(same as laser treatment group).CO2 Lattice Laser parameters:low energy 10mJ,high coverage 100 dots/cm2;3.a total of 3 treatments,the treatment interval is 4 weeks,before and after each treatment,take a photo,dermoscopy,record quality of life,mental health assessment,Adverse reactions,effectiveness and patient satisfaction score;4.Observe and compare the clinical efficacy of the two groups of patients.Results:A total of 54 patients were collected,14 patients with lost follow-up and incomplete information were excluded,and 40 patients were effective,including 19 males and 21 females,with an average age of(31.50±14.39)years old.Among them,28 patients completed 3 treatments and 12 patients completed 2 treatments.Among the 40 effective cases,77.5%were mild(31 cases),2.5%were moderate(1 case),17.5%were severe(7 cases),and 2.5%were total hair loss(1 case).The final hair density was 13.21±11.40 VS 7.90±9.18 in the laser treatment group for 4 weeks,and 30.81±17.21 VS 19.85±13.47 in the laser treatment group for 8 weeks,with statistically significant differences(p<0.05).For 12 weeks,the laser treatment group vs the non-laser treatment group,with no significant difference(p>0.05).The difference of week 0,week 4,week 8 and week 12 in the laser treatment group was statistically significant(p<0.05).The difference of week 0,week 4,week 8 and week 12 in the non-laser treatment group was statistically significant.There was no statistically significant difference between the laser treatment group and the non-laser treatment group at 4,8 and 12 weeks of treatment(p>0.05).Skin microscopic alopecia areata typical signs(black dots,yellow dot character,exclamation mark)in the treatment process of laser treatment group VS without laser treatment group.there was no statistically significant difference,laser treatment group 4 weeks VS 8 weeks,4 weeks VS 12 weeks,8 weeks VS 12 weeks differences were statistically significant(p<0.05),non-laser treatment group,4 weeks VS 8 weeks,4 weeks VS 12 weeks,8 weeks VS 12 weeks difference statistically significant(p<0.05).Patient satisfaction:44.85 VS 36.15 in the laser treatment group for 4 weeks VS no laser treatment gyroup for 4 weeks,p>0.05,no statistically significant difference.The differences were statistically significant(p<0.05)in the laser treatment group for 8 weeks vs.the non-laser treatment group for 8 weeks(45.2 VS 35.8)and the laser treatment group for 12 weeks(32.86 VS 24.14).The effective rate of 40 patients after treatment was:0 cases(0%)recovered after 4 weeks of treatment,2 cases(5%)showed significant effect,32 cases(80%)were effective,and 6 cases(15%)were ineffective.12 cases(30%)were cured within 8 weeks,17 cases(42.5%)were significantly effective.9 cases(22.5%)were effective,and 2 cases(5%)were ineffective.At 12 weeks,26 cases(65%)were cured,12 cases(30%)were effective,0 cases(0%)were effective,and 2 cases(5%)were ineffective.All lattice CO2 laser treatment of the patients who have pain and mild erythema,pain and erythema duration are not more than 24 hours,and the pain of patients can be tolerated,laser surgery have scabby,scabby fall off time not more than 7 days,not yet a skin infection,persistence,erythema,blister and other related side effects,lattice CO2 laser treatment of alopecia areata has not produce obvious discomfort,clinical use of security is good.Conclusion:1.The combination of CO2 lattice laser assisted transdermal technology and drug therapy for alopecia areata has more terminal hair formation,faster onset and better effect than drug therapy alone.It can be used as a treatment method for alopecia areata in clinic.2.The combination of CO2 lattice laser assisted transdermal technology and drug treatment for alopecia areata showed higher patient satisfaction than drug treatment alone;3.The treatment of alopecia areata with CO2 lattice laser assisted transdermal technology combined with drug showed low intraoperative and postoperative adverse reactions and good tolerance;4.After treatment,most patients can get hair regeneration or recovery.