Research On The Model Of Scientific And Technology Education In Colleges And Universities From The Perspective Of Innovation Ecosystem Theory

Research BackgroundAt present,China's economic society is in a critical period of transformation and development.To promote industrial transformation and upgrading,the country has formulated and implemented a national innovation-driven development strategy to promote development through innovation.Therefore,the society's demand for high-level talents and innovative talents has become more urgent,but at this stage,the quality of talent cultivation in China does not meet the needs of social talents.Along with this is the transformation of talent training strategies.In the past,the challenges faced by undergraduate talent training concepts that focused on knowledge transfer are gradually increasing.In the future,undergraduate talent training must highlight the status of innovative talent training.On the other hand,the country attention to science and education integration,science and technology education and other policies has been further enhanced.In response to the national requirements for"cultivating tens of millions of specialized talents and a large number of top-notch innovative talents",colleges and universities also urgently need to be based on their own reality,improve the support of university science and technology for the cultivation of undergraduate talents,build a systematic and perfect university science and technology education model.The theory of innovation ecosystem based on this research originates from the field of ecology.An innovation ecosystem is a dynamic system with interactions among the main bodies,links,and elements of innovation.The biggest characteristic is diversity cooperation,self-organization cooperation and open symbiosis,which can provide a new perspective and theoretical support for the research of science and technology education mode.Research purposes1.To compile the teacher version and student version of the questionnaire for science and technology education in colleges and universities,and conduct a questionnaire survey on the case university,and combine the theoretical analysis of the innovative ecosystem to summarize the current situation of science and technology education in the case university.2.To construct the mode of undergraduate science and technology education,and provide reference for other universities to enhance the technology education function and formulate relevant strategies based on the characteristics of openness,interoperability,collaborative symbiosis,and co-evolution of the innovative ecosystem theory.3.To enrich the theoretical concepts and application categories of the innovation ecosystem by using the innovation ecosystem theory to construct a science and technology education model in colleges and universities.Research content and methodsThe first research content:Literature Study of innovative ecosystem theory and science and technology education in universitiesAccess to book resources through the library of Southern Medical University,use the literature databases of CNKI,Wanfang,linkdirect and the platform of internet information,search the relevant literature on the topics of talent training,science and technology education,science and education integration,and innovation ecosystem in colleges and universities comprehensively;search relevant policies of science and technology education,innovative personnel training,etc.through the official website of the government,and sort out the domestic and foreign undergraduate personnel training through literature research.The second research content:compile a questionnaire on the status quo of science and technology education in colleges and universities and conduct a status surveyAccording to the literature research results,construct an overall framework for the questionnaire of teachers and students in the survey of the status of science and technology education in colleges and universities,design interview outlines,conduct expert interviews with 7 science and technology management,education management related experts,front-line teachers and university researchers,and further optimize based on the interview results The dimensions and items of the questionnaire on the status of teachers and students in science and technology education.According to the results of the pre-survey,the questionnaire was adjusted and perfected,and the questionnaire on the status quo of science and technology education in universities was finally determined.From November 2018 to March 2019,a convenient sampling method was used to conduct a formal survey on teachers and students of a medical university in Guangdong Province,and data were collected through the questionnaire star network platform and a paper questionnaire.The data of 177 teachers and 450 students were collected and analyzed statistically,use descriptive analysis to show the scores of teachers and students in various dimensions,and use differences to analyze the differences between teachers and students of different characteristics in various dimensions,use correlation and regression to analyze the relationship between different dimensions,and based on the theoretical characteristics of the innovative ecosystem,analyze the internal and external institutional environment of case colleges and universities,and further summarize the status of science and technology education in colleges and universities.The third research content:preliminary construction of science and technology education model in universities based on theoretical basis and actualityTaking the case university as an example,according to the theory of innovation ecosystem,aiming at the problems existing in the cultivation of undergraduate talents and the function of scientific and technological education,the paper integrates resources,reshapes the organizational structure,constructs the model of scientific and technological education initially,and puts forward strategic suggestions from the government level,the social level,the university level,the teacher level and the undergraduate level.Research result1.Survey results? The Cronbach a coefficient of the teacher questionnaire is 0.925,and the a coefficient of each dimension is 0.871,0.860,0.863,0.769.The Cronbach a coefficient of the student questionnaire is 0.920,and the a coefficient of each dimension is 0.900,0.877,0.852.The cumulative variance contribution rate of the four dimensions of the teacher questionnaire is more than 60%,the factor load is more than 0.400,and the cumulative variance contribution rate of each dimension of the student questionnaire 3 is more than 60%,the factor load more than 0.500.? The level of teacher's idea recognition is higher than other dimensions,the highest score of idea recognition is 4.23 ±0.627,the level of teacher conversion practice is lower than that of other dimensions,the lowest score of teaching transformation is 3.30±0.960;teachers of different feature groups are supported by idea recognition and environmental support 3.There is no statistical significance in the difference between the conversion practice dimensions(P>0.05);the teacher groups of different ages,the number of different project projects and the number of different courses in the teaching practice dimension(P<0.05).There are significant differences in scores,and no other feature groups have significant differences in the dimension of teaching practice(P>0.05).There is a positive correlation between concept identification,environmental support,teaching practice,and transformation practice.The correlation coefficients of each dimension of the teacher questionnaire and the questionnaire are 0.767?0.863,and the correlation coefficients between each dimension are 0.460?0.662;It has a positive effect(B=0.777>0),and environmental support has a positive effect on transformation practices(B=0.670>0).? The level of scientific research needs of students is the highest compared with other dimensions,the highest score of scientific research needs is 3.65±0.591,the level of learning style is the lowest compared with other dimensions,and the lowest score of learning style is 2.80 ± 0.738.There are significant differences in the scores of environmental support dimensions for students of different grades,students with different grade points and students of different majors,whether they are student cadres and whether they have achieved the scores of scientific research achievements,different grade groups,and different grade point groups in the learning style dimension are significantly different,whether they are student cadres,and whether they have achieved scientific research results,different grade groups,different grade point groups students of different major categorieshave significant differences in the scores of scientific research needs(P<0.05),and the remaining groups do not exist Significant difference(P>0.05).There is a positive correlation between learning methods,scientific research needs,and environmental support.The dimensions of the student questionnaire and the correlation coefficient of the questionnaire are 0.717 to 0.894,and the correlation coefficient between each dimension is 0.451 to 0.506;environmental support for learning methods(B=0.560>0),scientific research demand(B=0.503>0)plays a positive role.2.Analysis results of internal and external factors based on the innovation ecosystem theoryChanges in the demand for social talents lead to the demand for innovative talents,but the degree of policy refinement is insufficient,and colleges and universities lack specific guidance and norms to play the role of technology in educating people.There are abundant scientific and technological resources in Colleges and universities,but there are obvious differences in the nature of scientific research and teaching activities in Colleges and universities.It is difficult for scientific and technological resources to carry out teaching transformation,and the situation that scientific research is more important than teaching still exists.Analysis conclusion1.The results of questionnaire survey can reflect the actual situation of science and technology education in case colleges and universities comprehensively and truly.From the perspective of teachers and students,this paper objectively analyzes the current situation of science and technology education in case universities,summarizes the characteristics of case universities and the problems faced by the construction of science and technology education mode,which need to pay attention to external policies,changes in talent demand,internal concerns about the differences between science and technology and teaching elements,the ability of young teachers,the obstacles faced by teachers in the teaching transformation of science and technology resources and the undergraduate course Students' scientific research needs and learning methods should be supported by policies,funds and environment for teachers and students to participate in scientific and technological education activities.2.Starting with the problems and characteristics,according to the theory of innovation ecosystem,combined with the actual situation of case university,establishing the theoretical basis and action framework of the mode of scientific and technological education,this paper constructs the mode of science and technology education,and summarizes the framework,objectives and elements of the mode.Some suggestions are put forward to improve the system design,reshape the school organizational structure,integrate educational resources,improve the quality of teachers and train the ability of undergraduates.