| BackgroundLumbar degeneration(LD)is a common disease,of which symptoms are mainly the discomfort in waist and legs,and the serious ones can even hurt the nerve.LD is a common complaint among the elderly,but in recent years,suffered from it more and more youth oriented and it affects the daily lives.The reason why LD cause the pains in waist and legs are supposed to be the compression of posterior lumbar structure stimulates nerves.The treatment of LD is divided into surgical and non-surgical treatments.But,in fact,after the treatment,some patients' symptoms are not relieved completely or even cause some other complications.Does the morphological changes in the posterior lumbar structure compress the nerve and the spinal cord,thus cause the pain in waists and legs?In addition,how to reduce the complications?No former researchs have drawn a conclusion.Objective:The posterior lumbar structure was measured in order to provide the anatomical evidence for the treatment of the LD.Method:The adult lumbar were measured in the bones and image.This studies were carried out as follow:?Correlation between the length of the lumbar pedicle and the lumbar spinal canal;?The measurement of lumbar intervertebral foramina;?anatomical characteristics and measure the anatomical data in the CT appearance of normal lumbar vertebral endplates in adults.In the study of ?,The bilateral length of pedicle,lateral recess,the sagittal and transverse diameter of vertebral canal from L1?5 were measured.In the study of ?,the lumbar bone specimens were measured in foramen height,minimum foramen width,maximum foramen width from L3?S1.Stenosis of lumbar intervertebral foramen were stimulated.In the study of?,lumbar vertebrae from L1 to L5 were measured at the upper endplates and lower endplates separately.The posterior endplates of lumbar vertebral at coronal plane were classified into 3 types,and the length of the origin of left pedicle and middle line of the upper and lower endplates(LLu,LLL)were measured,the Length of the origin of right pedicle and middle line of the upper and lower endplates(LRu,LRL)were measured,the length of the midpoint of the posterior endplate and middle line of the upper and lower endplates(LMu,LML)were measured.Result:?The bilateral length of pedicle and lateral recess was gradually decreased in average,while the sagittal and transverse diameter of spinal canal was decreased from L1 to L4,increased at L5.The average length of sagittal and transverse diameter of spinal canal were respectively(17.43±3.52)mm and(21.36±4.14)mm.At L3,L4,L5,there was statistically significant association between the pedicle and lateral recess.These associations lost significance when at L2.Except the association between the pedicle and the sagittal diameter of spinal canal was observed at L3,both sagittal and transverse diameter was no significanct difference with the corresponding pedicle.?The foramen height at L3?4,L4?5,L5?S1 was(19.27±1.78)mm,L4?5 was(17.45±1.88)mm;L5?S1 was(14.01±1.38)mm.The minimum foramen width at L3?4,L4?5,L5?S1 was(9.39±1.45)mm,(8.33±1.6)mm,(10.16±2.09)mm;the maximum foramen width at L3?4,L4?5,L5?S1 was(11.14±1.28)mm,(10.95±0.85)mm,(11.13±1.17)mm.The height of foramen decreased when the disc was removed,the height of foramen,the minimum foramen width,maximum foramen width was all decreased significantly.Conclusion:1.At L3?5,there is correlation between the length of lumbar pedicle and lateral recess,while the lumbar pedicle has no relation to the sagittal and transverse diameter of spinal canal.2.Stenosis of lumbar intervertebral of foramen can lead to the decrease of the foramen height,minmum foramen width,maximum foramen width.At L5?S1,no significant difference is observed between the maximum foramen and the different degrees of intervertebral disc herniation.3.The mainly types of upper and lower at L1?4 is type ?,while the types of upper endplate at L5 are type ? and type ?We believe it will be beneficial to the improvement of future design of the artificial lumbar disc prosthesis. |
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