| Objective:(1)The present study was to understand the current situation of knowledge attachment practice(KAP)and its influencing factors of the elderly in Wuhan community.(2)Combined with the results of cross-sectional survey and literature review,a community-based health education program for the elderly with cognitive impairment was initially constructed.(3)Taking the elderly in the community of Wuhan as the research object,this paper explores the application effect of this health education program,and provides a reference for the health education of the elderly in the community.Method:(1)In Wuhan,Hubei Province,a cluster sampling method was adopted.According to the inclusion exclusion criteria,327 elderly people from 6 communities in Wuhan were selected.Data collection was conducted by researchers and uniformly trained investigators,including general demographic data,modified Alzheimer's disease knowledge scales(MADKS),beliefs of the elderly on cognitive impairment,etc.(2)The method of snowball sampling was used to select 43 community elders from 327 community elders in the first part of cross-sectional survey.The three-month health education mainly includes related knowledge of cognitive dysfunction,chronic disease management,cognitive training,lifestyle guidance,etc.(3)The descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression analysis in SPSS18.0 were used to analyze the status quo and influencing factors of KPA of the elderly in the community.The paired t-test was used to compare the scores of the questionnaire before and after the intervention to evaluate the effect of health education.Result:(1)In this survey,327 elderly people in the community were investigated,including 49.5% men and 50.5% women.The total score of KPA is 79.66 ± 10.02,the score of knowledge is 42.90 ± 8.09,the score of belief is 20.51 ± 2.62 and the score of behavior is 16.25 ± 2.53.(2)Multiple linear regression showed that the elderly with higher education background,higher income,better self-assessment of Ci and more types of intellectual activities had higher level of KPA.(3)There were significant differences in knowledge(t =-8.85,p<0.001),belief(t=-5.60,p<0.001)and behavior(t =-11.00,p<0.001)before and after the intervention in 36 elderly people.Before and after the intervention,there were significant differences in symptoms,risk factors,protective factors,course of disease,care of the disease and the impact on the caregivers(p<0.05).Before and after the intervention,there was a significant difference in whether the decline of memory was normal aging(t = 6.46,p<0.05),whether it needed medical treatment(t =-3.80,p<0.05),whether it could be prevented(t =-2.38,p<0.05),whether it could be cured(t = 2.83,p<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the sense of shame in patients with Alzheimer's disease.Smoking(t =-2.09,p<0.05),physical exercise(t =-3.94,p<0.05)and intellectual activity(t =-2.22,p<0.05)were improved before and after the intervention,the difference was statistically significant.However,although drinking and eating were improved,the difference was not statistically significant.Before and after the intervention,the overall cognitive level of the elderly in the community was improved,and the six dimensions of language fluency(t =-2.65,p<0.05),calculation(t =-2.22,p<0.05),abstraction(t =-2.75,p<0.05),delayed recall(t =-2.94,p<0.05),visual perception(t =-2.91,p<0.05),naming(t =-2.75,p<0.05)were statistically significant.Conclusion:(1)The general awareness of cognitive dysfunction of the elderly in Wuhan community is general.Some elderly people fail to face up to the disease.Due to the lack of understanding of the disease and the wrong belief,some of the elderly are more inclined to unhealthy lifestyle.(2)High income women with high education have high KPA level.Health education should be focused on low-income,low education level and single male.(3)Through systematic health education,the old people in the community have a certain understanding of the disease,but they have not changed their deep-rooted sense of stigma.Although their lifestyle has changed,their drinking and eating have not changed significantly.This may be related to long-term living habits and short intervention time,and longer expectation is more meaningful.(4)Through the comprehensive health education of the elderly in the community,which includes knowledge lectures,lifestyle guidance,chronic disease management,cognitive training,etc.,the KAP related to CI of the elderly in the community in Wuhan was significantly improved. |
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