| Objective: The experimental study takes the relationship between vascular dementia and the cells in the neurovascular unit as the starting point.An animal model of vascular dementia is selected to observe the moxibustion head group points on the VD model rats from the perspective of animal behavior and cell morphology.The effects of memory and the morphological and quantitative expression of neuronal cells,microglia,and astrocytes in neurovascular units were explored to explore the efficacy and mechanism of moxibustion in the treatment of vascular dementia.Methods: Forty-six healthy and clean Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were selected through a water maze experiment.Ten randomly selected Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were selected as the sham operation group,and the remaining rats were modified with bilateral common carotid artery ligation(2-VO)Method was used to prepare rat VD models,and 18 rats were randomly selected from the 27 rats successfully divided into 3 groups,which were model group,moxibustion group and piracetam group,with 6 rats in each group.Moxibustion and gavage treatment were started one week after the modeling was completed.The moxibustion group selected "Dazhui","Baihui",and "Shenting" points,and moxibustion was performed once a day for 20 minutes each time,and 7 days was a course of treatment.Three consecutive courses of treatment;the piracetam group was administered with piracetam solution(0.01g/ml),and the stomach was administered once daily in the morning and evening.The treatment course was the same as that of the moxibustion group;the treatment time of the model group and the sham operation group In parallel with the moxibustion group,only the moxibustion fixture of the homemade rat was grasped without any related treatment.After the three treatment sessions,the four groups of rats were taken Morris water maze test and neurobehavioral score to record and evaluate the effect of moxibustion on the learning and memory ability of rats.Four hours after the end of the five-day water maze experiment,the four groups of rats were anesthetized and paraformaldehyde was fixed by cardiac infusion.The brain tissues were collected and the sections were embedded with HE staining to observe the pathological changes in the hippocampal CA1 area of the rats.Neu N,Iba-1,and GFAP in the hippocampal CA1 region of each group of rats were labeled to observe the positive cell morphology,count the number of positive cells,and the average optical density.All the above experimental data were statistically analyzed using SPSS23.0.Results:(1)The results of the water maze experiment show that the average escape latency for the rats in the model group to find the platform is longer than that for the sham operation group(p <0.01).In addition,in the space exploration experiment,the model group first crossed the platform for the first time compared with the sham operation group Significantly longer(p <0.01)and significantly reduced number of platform crossings(p <0.01),suggesting that the model group had spatial learning and memory impairment;compared with the model group,the average escape latency of the piracetam group and moxibustion group was significantly shortened(P <0.01),the first time to cross the platform was significantly reduced(p <0.01),and the number of times to cross the platform was significantly increased(p <0.01,p <0.05),indicating that both the piracetam group and the moxibustion group can improve the VD rats Spatial learning and memory.The statistical results of Longa score showed that the neurobehavioral score of the model group was significantly higher than that of the sham operation group(P <0.01),indicating that the neurological function of the model group was defective;Group(p <0.05),indicating that the intervention of piracetam group and moxibustion group can effectively improve the recovery of nerve function in VD rats.(2)Pathological morphology of rat hippocampal CA1 area: After HE staining,observe the CA1 area of rat hippocampal tissue under a 400 x microscope.The pyramidal cells in the sham operation group have regular and compact morphology,and the number of cells is about 4-5 layers.The nucleolus of the cell membrane is clearly visible;the number of pyramidal cells in the model group is significantly reduced,the number of cell layers is about 1-2,the outline of the cells is ambiguous,some of the cell nuclei disappear,the nucleus shrinks,and a large number of cells are necrotic;The number of pyramidal cells in the moxibustion group CA1 was significantly increased compared with the model group.The cell layers were about 3-4 layers and arranged neatly.The outline of the cells was clear and a small number of nuclei were condensed.(3)Morphology of neurons,microglia and astrocytes in CA1 area of VD rats:(1)Neurons.The positive cells in the sham operation group were darker and more numerous,arranged neatly and intact.Model group There were fewer positively expressed cells,disordered cell arrangement,and increased intercellular space.In the piracetam group and the moxibustion group,compared with the model group,the cells were arranged neatly,the interstices became smaller,the cell morphology was relatively complete,and the number increased.(2)Microglia,the positive cells in the sham operation group were branched,the cell body was long and few in number,and the number of protrusions and branches was small;in the model group,the positive cells became darker in color,the number increased significantly,the cell body became larger and rounder,and the protrusions became larger.Coarse;compared with the model group,the astrocytes in the piracetam group and the moxibustion group were reduced,the number was significantly less,and the staining became lighter.(3)Astrocytes,the number of positive cells in the sham operation group is small and the cell body is small,the protrusions and their branches are slender and few,the staining is lighter,the number of positive cells in the model group is increased,the cell body is enlarged,and the protrusions are enlarged and thickened,And the number increases,the staining becomes deeper.Compared with the model group,the number of astrocytes in the piracetam group and the moxibustion group decreased,the cell body became smaller,the protrusions and branches became thinner,and the staining became lighter.(4)Statistics of positive cell numbers and average optical density results: Iba-1 labeled microglia: Compared with the sham operation group,the positive cell counts and average optical density values of the model group were significantly increased,and the difference was statistically significant.(P <0.01);Compared with the model group,the positive cell counts and average optical density values of the piracetam group and moxibustion were significantly reduced(P <0.01);the positive cell counts and average optical density values of the moxibustion group were lower than In the piracetam group,the difference was not statistically significant(P = 0.46,P = 0.11> 0.05).GFAP-labeled astrocytes: Compared with the sham operation group,the positive cell count and the mean optical density value of the model group were significantly increased,and the difference was statistically significant(P <0.01);compared with the model group,piracetam The positive cell counts and average optical density values of the moxibustion group and moxibustion group were significantly reduced(P <0.01);the positive cell counts and average optical density values of the moxibustion group and piracetam group were not statistically significant(P = 0.85,P = 0.81 > 0.05).Conclusion:(1)Moxibustion on the head group points can improve the spatial memory ability of VD model rats,reduce the neurobehavioral score,and promote the recovery of neurological damage.(2)Moxibustion on the head group can alleviate pathological changes of vertebral cells in hippocampal CA1 region of VD model rats.(3)Moxibustion on the head group points can reduce the expression of Iba-1 and GFAP in the hippocampal CA1 region of VD model rats,inhibit the excessive activation and proliferation of microglia and astrocytes,and reduce neuronal damage. |
PDF Full Text Request