Analysis Of Influencing Factors Of Falls Among Elderly In China

ObjectiveWith the growth of age,falls occur frequently in the elderly,and the consequences of falls(health damage,quality of life,increased economic burden,increased mental illness,etc.)are more serious,so it is urgent to study the factors affecting falls in the elderly.The purpose of this study is to study the prevalence characteristics and influencing factors of falls among the elderly in China through a large-scale cross-sectional survey,so as to provide a scientific basis for formulating intervention measures to prevent falls among the elderly.MethodsThe data from the 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)were used to study the occurrence and influencing factors of falls among people aged 60 and above.After removing the samples with falls and fall-related variable information missing,the final sample size included in this study was 7,638.Use Stata14.0 to clean the original data;SPSS21.0 was used for data descriptive analysis to describe the distribution of falls,general socio-demographic characteristics,behavior and lifestyle,health status,life satisfaction and living environment of the elderly in China,and the adoption rate/composition ratio of counting data was described.Chi-square test was used for univariate analysis of factors affecting falls in the elderly,and binary Logistic stepwise regression analysis was performed for variables with statistical significance(P<0.05).Results1.Basic information of the subjects:of the 7638 subjects included in this study,2782 were in the 60 year old group,accounting for 36.42%;2131 were in the 65 year old group,accounting for 27.90%;1380 were in the 70 year old group,accounting for 18.07%;823 were in the 75 year old group,accounting for 10.78%;522 were in the 80 year old group,accounting for 6.83%.The proportion of male and female was 49.12%and 50.88%respectively.Among them,37.03%came from cities and 62.97%from rural areas.Among the selected elderly subjects,1061 people lived alone,accounting for 13.89%.2.The incidence of falls:of the 7638 subjects included in this study,1590 had fallen in the past year,accounting for 20.82%;6048 did not fall,accounting for 79.18%.3.Influencing factors of falls:compared with the female elderly,the male elderly were less likely to fall,the male OR=0.718(95%CI:0.636-0.811).Compared with the elderly without a history of falls,the elderly with a history of falls were more likely to fall with a history of falls OR=3.292(95%CI:2.769-3.914).Compared with the elderly with good hearing,the elderly with poor hearing were more likely to fall,with disability OR=1.106(95%CI:1.033-1.184).Compared with the elderly without physical pain,the elderly with physical pain were more likely to fall,with pain OR=1.546(95%CI:1.357-1.761).Compared with the elderly without depressive symptoms,the elderly with depressive symptoms were more likely to fall,with depression OR=1.336(95%CI:1.170-1.525).Compared with the elderly who did not use auxiliary tools,the elderly who used auxiliary tools were more likely to fall,OR=1.410(95%Cl:1.183-1.681).Compared with the elderly with IADL impairment,the elderly with IADL impairment were more likely to fall,with IADL impairment OR=1.176(95%CI:1.029-1.345).Older adults with PADL damage were more likely to fall than those without PADL damage,with PADL damage OR=1.482(95%CI:1.288-1.706).Compared with the elderly who had not been hospitalized in the past year,the elderly who had been hospitalized in the past year were more likely to have falls,with OR=1.440(95%CI:1.248-1.662).Compared with the old people who are satisfied with life,the old people who are dissatisfied with life were more likely to fall,OR=1.106(95%CI:1.026-1.193).Conclusion1.The fall of the elderly should not be ignored and should be taken seriously by the government,the society,the community and the family.2.Falls in the elderly are the result of a multi-factor interaction,with the main influencing factors being:gender,history of falls,hearing,pain,depression,AIDS,damage to IADL,damage to PADL,hospitalization in the past year and life satisfaction.The government,society,community and family should take scientific and effective intervention measures to enhance the elderly's awareness of prevention and control of falling factors and reduce the incidence of falls among the elderly.