Study On The Effects Of Respiratory Electrical Stimulation Training On Respiratory Patterns During Exercise In Healthy Young People

[Background]Respiratory control training is an important part of pulmonary rehabilitation program,which is easy to understand and difficult to maintain during exercise.However,exercise training is the core of pulmonary rehabilitation,and it is still necessary to explore how to improve the breathing pattern in exercise training.Respiratory electrical stimulation(RES)includes abdominal electrical stimulation synchronized with expiration and electrical stimulation of the phrenic nerve in synchro with inspiration,sound and visual cues.Our previous study proved that static electrical respiratory stimulation training is beneficial to COPD and postoperative lung cancer patients for breath control training and improvement of their breathing patterns.Whether it can improve the breathing patterns of users during exercise and improve the pulmonary rehabilitation program still needs to be explored.Parte 1.Effects of electrical respiratory stimulation on breathing patterns in healthy young people at rest[Objective]To investigate the effects of electrical respiratory stimulation on breathing patterns in healthy young adults.[Methods]45 healthy young volunteers were selected as the study subjects,which were divided into three groups according to the random number table,namely,electrical respiratory stimulation(RES)group,sound and visual prompts(SAVP)group,natural breathing(NB)group.2.Breathing phase:expiratory time(Te)expiratory time/inspiratory time(Te/Ti)respiratory cycle(Ttot)expiratory time/total time(Te/Ttot)inspiratory time(Ti)inspiratory time/total time(Ti/Ttot);3.Metabolic reaction:carbon dioxide exhalation(VCO2),end-expiratory partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PETCO2),end-expiratory partial pressure of oxygen(PETO2),kg oxygen uptake(VO2/kg);4.Diaphragm activity(D).[Results]After the intervention of RES and SAVP,the ventilation function and expiratory time of RES and SAVP groups were significantly higher than those of NB group,and the oxygen consumption was not higher than those of NB group;VT and D in the RES group was significantly higher than those data in the SAVP group.[Conclusion]1.Respiratory electrical stimulation,sound and visual prompts can induce deep and slow breathing patterns in healthy adults in a quiet state.2.Respiratory electrical stimulation can induce deeper breathing patterns in healthy young people more effectively than sound and image cues.3.Breathing patterns induced by electrical stimulation,sound and visual prompts did not increase oxygen consumption in healthy young adults at rest.Parte 2.Effects of electrical respiratory stimulation training on breathing patterns in healthy young people during exercise[Objective]To investigate the effect of respiratory electrical stimulation on respiratoiy patterns in healthy young people during exercise.[Methods]Subjects and groups were compared with the first part to compare the aeration response of the three groups:RR,RR/VT,VD/VT,VE/VCO2,VE/VO2;2.Breathing phase:Te,Te,Ti,Ttot,Te/Ttot,Ti,Ti/Ttot;3.Metabolic reaction:VCO2,PETCO2,PETO2,VO2/kg,kg specific oxygen uptake power(VO2/kg/w).[Results]During the whole exercise process,RR and RR/VT in the RES group and SAVP group were significantly lower than those in the NB group,while VT,Ttot and Te were significantly higher than those in the NB group.At the middle stage of constant,VT,Te/Ti and Te/Ttot in RES group were significantly higher than those in SAVP group and NB group.There was no significant difference in VO2/kg/w among the three groups.[Conclusion]1.Respiratory electrical stimulation,sound and visual cues can induce deep and slow breathing with long exhalation duration in healthy young adults in the exercise state.2.Respiratory electrical stimulation is more effective in inducing the breathing pattern of long expiratory time and deep in healthy young people during exercise than sound and visual cues;3.Respiratory electrical stimulation,sound and visual cues did not increase oxygen consunption during exercise in healthy young people.