Study On The Photosensitive Toxic Components Of Six Species Of Medicinal Jelly Fungi

As one of the important medicinal fungi resources in China,Jelly fungi have a long history.There are lots of photosensitive toxic incidents caused about Jelly fungi have been reported in recent years.However,the photosensitive toxic components and toxicity mechanism are not clear.In this paper,based on the study of photosensitive toxic components of 6 species of medicinal edible jelly fungi are Bulgaria inquinans?Pers.?Fr.,Auricularia heimuer F.Wu,B.K.Cui et Y.C.Dai,Gloeostereum incarnatum S.Ito et Imai,Auricularia cornea cv.Yu Muer,Tremella fuciformis Berk.and Tremella sanguinea Y.B.peng were gradually further studied.The purpose of this paper is to find the toxic substance basis and clarify toxicity mechanism in medicinal jelly fungi.Based on the review of the traditional efficacy,chemical composition and pharmacological action of medicinal Jelly fungi,the following experimental studies were carried out in this paper:The study aimed at examining the photosensitive toxic components of B.inquinans,the active extract was obtained from B.inquinans fruiting bodies,using as dissolvent acetone.The extract was administrated to mice,and then the active component was further obtained from the methanol extract of mice's red swolling ears.The active compound was identified as diisobutyl phthalate?DiBP?by using ¹H-NMR and ¹³C-NMR,and EI-MS spectroscopy.DiBP was proved to be the photosensitive toxic compound of B.inquinans causing photosensitivity of mice.DiBP can be degraded in alkaline water and the toxicity can be decreased.The purpose of the current study was to explore the correlation between different processing way and the content of diisobutyl phthalate?DiBP?in Auricularia heimuer.The results were evaluated by HPLC after A.heimuer fruiting bodies were immersed in pure water,baking soda water and boiling water.The results showed that DiBP content could be increased dramatically after immersion in pure water for 1d,2d,3d and 4d.The DiBP content in soaked fruiting bodies is averagely 2.707 times the content in dried ones.Immersion in baking soda water or scalding with boiling water,the content of DiBP decreased to 0.066 times the content of DiBP in dried fruit bodies.Our result provides scientific grounds for cookery of this edible fungus.In this paper,the photosensitive toxicity components and detoxification methods of 6kinds of jelly fungi:B.inquinans,A.heimuer,G.incarnatum,A.cornea,T.fuciformis and T.sanguinea were further investigated.DiBP and DBP was identified using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography?GC-MS/HPLC?.The results showed that the DBP content in soaked A.cornea and A.heimuer fruiting bodies is averagely 2.707 times the content in dried ones,and T.fuciformis,G.incarnatum,T.sanguinea and B.inquinans fruiting bodies is averagely decreased to 0.501 times the content in dried ones,after soaking in pure water.However,the content of DBP in 6 species of medicinal jelly fungi averagely decreased to 0.066 times the content in dried ones after soaking in baking soda or boling water.Base on the results,6 species of medicinal jelly fungi have a significant correlation with the content of DBP.In the present work,we announce for the first time our findings the phenemonene thatcorrelation between different soaking way and content of DBP in 6 species of medicinal jelly fungi.In terms of experimental research of study on the toxicity and mechanism of the photosensitive toxic components DiBP and DBP,the toxic effect of DiBP and DBP on photosensitive toxicity was studied.The metabolism and distribution of DiBP and DBP in plasma and liver were detected by HPLC after intragastric administration of DiBP and DBP in male rats.The contents of reactive oxygen species?ROS?,malondialdehyde?MDA?,glutathione?GSH?and superoxide dismutase?SOD?in rat liver and kidney were determined,and the pathological sections of liver and kidney were observed.Pharmacokinetics showed that sunlight can promote the transformation of DiBP and DBP into MBP,MBP content in liver and kidney was higher than that in other organs.MiBP and MBP could significantly increase ROS and MDA,in rat liver and kidney.The decrease of GSH and SOD showed that MiBP and MBP can induce lipid peroxidation in rat liver and induce early liver injury.Pathological sections showed that light can enhance the damage of MiBP and MBP to rat liver and kidney cells.Therefore,DiBP and DBP are a potentially harmful phototoxic substance in male rats.Conclusion,DiBP and DBP is an photosensitive toxicity substance,which should be attached great importance in the development and utilization of medicinal jelly fungi.This paper provides a scientific basis for the further development of jelly fungi resources.