Preliminary Study On The Resources And Applications Of The Medicinal Fungi In Fujian

Medicinal fungi consist of a large group fungi with abundant secondary metabolitites, including antimicrobial, antitumor, antihyperlipidemic and antivirus agents. They are important resources for new drugs. In the study, four models were applied and used for prescreening antimicrobial, antitumor and the a -glucosidase inhibitory agents from medicinal fungi including filamentous fungi and macro fungi in Fujian; we studied the antimicrobial ,antitumor and a -glucosidase inhibitory activities of three kinds of Ganoderma sp. ;as well as we studied the a -glucosidase inhibitor from filamentous fungi W-20 and its physical and chemical properties.There are abundant antimicrobial, antitumor and a -glucosidase inhibitory agents in filamentous fungi and macrofungi. In 52 strains filamentous fungi and 82 strains macrofungi, the percentages of antitumor strains are as follows: 15.4% filamentous fungi,21.9% macrofungi, most of which belong to Aspergillus sp. and Agaricales; the percentages of antimicrobial strains are as follows:21.2% filamentous fungi,14.6% macrofungi, most of which belong to Aspergillus sp. and Agaricales. And most of the agaricales inhibit the G-negative bacterium. Rhodophyllus sericellus 54 and Strobilomyces sp. L-3 are high antimicrobial strains.9.62% filamentous fungi have the a -glucosidase inhibitory activities, and belong to Aspergillus sp., Rhizopussp. and Agonomycetales. Most belong to Aspergillus sp.. Aspergillus sp. W-20 and Rhizopus sp.GQ-6 are die high activity strains. 854% macrofungi have a -glucosidase inhibitory activity and belong to Polyporaceae, Ganodermataceae and Sclerodermataceae, and 71.4% ofwhich have high bioactivity(inhibitory percentage>65%). Their activitise are as good as Acarbose's.Ganodermataceae is a new, important resource for antimicrobial, antitumor and a -glucosidase inhibitory agents. The chloroform extracts of Ganoderma sp.24 and Ganoderma australe(Fr.)Pat.60 have high inhibitory activities (both about 11.25 units/mg) on Staphylococcus allreus, but the active agents are different. Ganoderma sp.24 , Ganoderma australe(Fr.)Pat.60 and Ganoderma sanmingense Zhao et Zhang 63 show high activities of inhibiting KB or HL-60 cells, and Ganoderma sp.24 and Ganoderma sanmingense Zhao et Zhang 63 have a -glucosidase inhibitory activities in vitro. The active agents distribute in methanol-water extract, maintain stable below 100C and between pH 2-12. Their IC50 are 0.187 and 0.124mg/mL respectively.W-20 dentified as Aspergillus sp., has high a -glucosidase inhibitory activity. The active agent was confirmed as oligosaccharide, mostly composed of glucose by PC, VC and acidhydrolysis. The active agent is stable between pH2-12 and below 90C. The IC50 of the active agent purified by carbon column is 0.525 mg/mL, which is better than that of Acarbose (IC5o=0.9mg/mL).The zymosis juice of W-20 can greatly decrease hyperglycemia level of mice by alloxan in glucose tolerance test. It showes favourable potential application.