The Research On Attention Bias Of Emotional And Sleep Information In Patients With Insomnia

In recent years,insomnia has become one of the main problems troubling people's physical and mental health.About 10 to 20 percent of people had the complain of insomnia.Insomnia mainly manifested as difficulty in falling asleep,difficulty in sleep maintenance or early awakening,poor quality of sleep,and poor quality of daytime activities.Attention bias is defined as that compare with neutral stimulus,individuals show more attention distribution to the threat or related stimulus.Based attention component theory,attention bias included three components,i.e.,facilitated attention,difficulty in disengaging and attention avoidance.Insomnia may affect the attention distribution of individuals,and then insomnia people had attention bias to emotional or sleep-related stimulus.Besides,these attention bias may be an important factor in the development and maintenance of insomnia.However,in recent decades,the specific object of attention bias in insomnia patients has not been determined,and there are few studies have explored the components of attention bias.In addition,because the Psychomotor Vigilance Task(PVT)is clearly influenced by sleep,we also explored the relationship between PVT and attentional bias in insomniacs.We explored the attention bias in different stimulus in insomnia people,took images as the experiment material,used spatial cue task to distinguish different attention components,and recruited different insomnia people to verify the response to the same task(including the people of college students and clinical people).There are inherent connections in our four experiments.Experiment 1 explored whether the insomnia group of college students has a bias to negative information.Neutral and negative pictures in Chinese affective picture system were used as experimental materials,and 32 insomnia people and 33 healthy sleepers were recruited as experimental subjects.On the basis of experiment 1,experiment 2 explored whether the insomnia people of college students would pay attention to the sleep-related images under same negative stimulus.Non-sleep negative images and sleep-related negative images independently assessed were used as the experimental materials.Theparticipants were the same as experiment 1.Experiment 3 and experiment 4 explored whether clinical insomniacs had consistent results in the same experimental task,compared with the insomnia people of college students.The experimental task was the same as experiment 1 and experiment 2,and 25 clinical insomniacs and 25 healthy sleepers were recruited.Research results:The results of experiment 1: the study explored the response of the insomnia people of college students to different emotional stimulus when the emotional stimuli were used as cues,and compared them with healthy sleepers.The results showed that: 1)only the insomnia people of college students had attention bias to negative emotional information(facilitated attention and difficulty in disengaging),and the facilitated attention score of the insomnia people of college students was significantly higher than the healthy sleepers,that is,more attention was distributed to negative emotional cues in insomnia people;2)there was a significant positive correlation between facilitated attention score and insomnia severity,and a significant negative correlation between facilitated attention score and reaction time of PVT.Experiment 2 results: the study explored the response of insomnia people in college students to the sleep-related stimulus when sleep-related negative stimulus were used as cues,and compared them with healthy sleepers.The results showed that: 1)only the healthy sleep group of college students had the attention bias(attention avoidance)to the negative sleep-related stimulus.2)the correlation analysis results did not find the significant correlation between these factors and attention bias.Experiment 3 and experiment 4 results: the same attention bias experiment was used to verify whether the same results existed in the clinical people.The results showed that: 1)only healthy sleepers had attention bias to negative emotional stimulus(attention avoidance),and facilitated attention score of the clinical insomnia people was greater than that of the healthy sleepers in the edge of significant,that is,the clinical insomnia people had more attention enhancement to negative emotional clues;2)only the clinical insomnia group showed the attention bias(attention avoidance)of sleep-related negative stimulus,and the facilitated attention score of the clinical insomnia people was significantly lower than that of the healthy sleepers.Research conclusions:(1)The different types of insomnia people have different sensitivity to emotional information.The insomnia people of college students has facilitated attention anddifficulty in disengaging to negative stimulus,while the clinical insomnia group has no obvious attention bias to negative stimulus.(2)The different types of insomniac people have different sensitivity to sleep stimulus.Clinical insomniac people have attention avoidance to sleep stimulus,while college students with insomnia have no obvious attention bias to sleep stimulus.(3)The attention bias of negative stimulus has significant correlations with the severity of insomnia and PVT.