| Obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD)is one of the most disabling mental disorders in the world(Sassano-Higgins SA et al.,2015).OCD not only affects individuals' social functions and reduces their quality of life,but also causes considerable burden to their families and caregivers(Gustavo C et al.,2017).Therefore,it is particularly important to study the pathogenesis of OCD.One of the main symptoms of OCD is constant doubt.Obsessive-compulsive individuals not only doubt their own cognitive functions,including memory,attention,perception,concentration and decision-making,but also doubt other internal states,such as feeling,preference,understanding,desire and belief,etc.(Abramowitz,Lackey,& Wheaton,2009).These widespread suspicions have led to a range of OCD pathological behaviors,such as forced cleansing,examination,excessive self-monitoring,and repeated seeking and requiring external confirmation or reassurance(American Psychiatric Association,2000).Lazarov et al.(2010)on the basis of which proposed Seeking Proxies for Internal States(SPIS)theory to explain the pathogenesis of obsessive-compulsive disorder,and pathological doubt is the important element of the etiology of obsessive compulsive disorder.There is a correlation between pathological doubt and all internal states of individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder.Obsessive-compulsive individuals to the internal state of the forced doubt will lead to the individual of its internal state of the sense of knowledge weakened,thus unable to accurately perceive and experience its internal state.OCD individuals form and rely on external cues to obtain reliable inner experiences.Individuals can more easily and clearly perceive the internal state with the help of external clues,so as to compensate for the missing sense of knowledge and reduce doubts.Lazarov et al.(2012b)further proposed that the lack of knowledge about the internal state of individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder may be related to the decreased confidence level of internal experience(evaluation of internal state).Since the SPIS model was proposed,researchers have verified the SPIS model from the perspective of muscle tone and emotion,and the research results support the view of SPIS model.Do other internal states of individuals with OCD know that feelings are lacking and rely more on external cues?If OCD individuals are less aware of other internal state dimensions and more dependent on external cues,is it related to a lower level of confidence in the internal state?In this study,two experiments were designed to verify the SPIS model from the perspective of vision,an internal state dimension.Experiment 1 using 2(subjects categories: high force tendency group,low force tendency group)x 6(consistent feedback type or select the ratio of the number of to select the number of inconsistent:5-0,4:1,3:2,2:3,1:4,0:5)mixed experimental design of two factors,by the high force tend to be individual a subclinical samples as the research object,explore the compulsive tendencies of individual know feeling the impact of visual internal state.The experimental results showed that there was no significant difference in the first selection accuracy of visual judgment task between the individuals with high and low compulsion tendency.The first confidence level score of high compulsive tendency was significantly lower than that of low compulsive tendency.The change of confidence level before and after watching the feedback was significantly higher in the subjects with high compulsive tendency than in the subjects with low compulsive tendency.When the majority of people and the subjects were consistent in choice,the change rate of the second choice of the individuals with high and low compulsion tendency was not significantly different.However,when the majority of people and the subjects were inconsistent in choice,the change rate of the second choice of the individuals with high compulsion tendency was significantly higher than that of the individuals with low compulsion tendency.Experiment 2 using 2(subjects categories: faith group,control group)x 6(consistent feedback type or select the ratio of the number of to select the number of inconsistent: 5-0,4:1,3:2,2:3,1:4,0:5)mixed experimental design of two factors,explore the internal state level of confidence to the internal state of high force tend to be individual visual know the influence of feeling.The experimental results showed that there was no significant difference in the first selection accuracy of visual judgment task between the confidence destruction group and the control group.The first confidence level score of the confidence destruction group was significantly lower than that of the control group.The change of confidence level before and after watching the feedback was significantly higher in the confidence destruction group than in the control group.When the majority of people and the subjects were consistent,there was no significant difference in the change rate of the second choice between the confidence destruction group and the control group,but when the majority of people and the subjects were inconsistent,the change rate of the second choice of the confidence destruction group was significantly higher than that of the control group.Conclusions:(1)Compared with individuals with low obsessive compulsive tendency,individuals with high compulsion tendency do not show defects in their sense of knowledge about the internal state of vision.The level of confidence in internal states had no significant effect on the knowledge of internal states of individuals with high compulsion tendency.(2)Compared with individuals with low compulsion tendency,individuals with high compulsion tendency show less confidence in their first judgment in visual judgment task and doubt their internal state.(3)Compared with individuals with low compulsive tendency,individuals with high compulsive tendency are more susceptible to external feedback.The confidence level of internal state also affects the dependence of individuals with high compulsive tendency on external feedback.Thelower the level of internal state confidence,the more likely the individual with high compulsive tendency is to be influenced by external feedback.This study verified the SPIS model from the visual internal state dimension,and the research conclusions have important guiding significance for the treatment of OCD. |
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