| Objective:To investigate the expression of follicular helper T cells(Tfh)and programmed death 1(PD-1)in T cell subsets,regulatory T cells(Treg)and Tfh cells of newly diagnosed and relapsed multiple myeloma(MM)patients and their correlation with disease stage.Methods:We collected 35 patients with MM from the department of hematology of the second hospital of lanzhou university from October 2017 to January 2019,including 25 newly diagnosed patients and10 relapsed,and 10 cases of healthy controls are included.Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of Tfh cells and the expression of PD-1 on Tfh cells,T cell subsets and Treg cells in peripheral blood of newly diagnosed and relapsed MM patients and healthy control.Results:1.The proportion of Tfh cells(22.42±5.37%vs 11.44±5.41%,P<0.001)and PD-1~+Tfh cells(36.61±7.84%vs 19.04±6.94%,P<0.001)in the newly diagnosed MM group were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group;The proportion of Tfh cells(28.49±4.40%vs 11.44±5.41%,P<0.001)and PD-1~+Tfh cells(43.99±5.46%vs 36.61±7.84%,P<0.05)in the relapsed MM group were significantly increased than those in the healthy control group;The proportion of Tfh cells(28.49±4.40%vs 22.42±5.37%,P<0.05)and PD-1~+Tfh cells(43.99±5.46%vs36.61±7.84%,P<0.05)in relapsed MM group were significantly higher than the newly diagnosed MM group;The ISS stage III of newly diagnosed group MM patients the levels of Tfh cells(28.02±3.54%vs 16.81±1.84%,P<0.05)and PD-1+Tfh cells(45.00±6.68%vs 30.87±4.13%,P<0.05)were higher than those in stage I;The ISS stage III of newly diagnosed group MM patients the levels of Tfh cells(28.02±3.54%vs 20.84±3.08%,P<0.05)and PD-1~+Tfh cells(45.00±6.68%vs32.68±2.75%,P<0.05)were higher than those in stage II;the levels of Tfh cells(28.96±5.45%vs 28.11±3.21%,P>0.05)and PD-1~+Tfh cells(45.21±6.35%vs42.12±4.71%,P>0.05)of the relapsed MM group in stage III and stage II were no significant difference.2.The proportion of PD-1~+CD4~+T(20.47±5.59%vs 6.03±2.09%,P<0.001),PD-1~+CD8~+T(13.45±3.60%vs 3.28±1.23%,P<0.001)were significantly increased in the newly diagnosed MM group compared with the healthy control group;The proportion of PD-1~+CD4~+T(24.31±4.07%vs 6.03±2.09%,P<0.001),PD-1~+CD8~+T(15.14±3.32%vs 3.28±1.23%,P<0.001)and PD-1~+Treg(24.28±4.42%vs7.58±2.98%,P<0.001)were significantly increased in the relapsed MM group comparedwiththehealthycontrolgroup;Theproportionof PD-1~+CD4~+T(24.31±4.07%vs 20.47±5.59%,P>0.05),PD-1~+CD8~+T(15.14±3.32%vs13.45±3.60%,P>0.05)and PD-1~+Treg(24.28±4.42%vs 21.53±4.94%,P>0.05)were no significant difference in relapsed MM group and newly diagnosed group;The ISS stageIIIofnewlydiagnosedgroupMMpatientsthelevelsof PD-1~+CD4~+T(27.41±2.83%vs 16.21±0.63%,P<0.05),PD-1~+CD8~+T(16.93±3.18%vs11.18±2.47%,P<0.05)and PD-1~+Treg(26.92±3.31%vs 17.73±1.18%,P<0.05)were higher than those in stage I;The ISS stage III of newly diagnosed group MM patients the levels of PD-1~+CD4~+T(27.41±2.83%vs 16.95±1.25%,P<0.05),PD-1~+CD8~+T(16.93±3.18%vs11.76±2.06%,P<0.05)andPD-1~+Treg(26.92±3.31%vs19.09±3.09%,P<0.05)were higher than those in stage II;The proportion of PD-1~+CD4~+T(26.29±3.80%vs 20.99±2.94%,P>0.05),PD-1~+CD8~+T(16.27±3.07%vs13.03±3.94%,P>0.05)and PD-1~+Treg(25.72±4.40%vs 21.19±4.32%,P>0.05)were no significant difference in relapsed MM group of stage III and stage II.Conclusion:1.The expression of Tfh cells in peripheral blood of patients with multiple myeloma is increased,and it is positively correlated with the state of disease,suggesting that Tfh cells are involved in the pathogenesis of MM and related to progression of disease;2.The expression of PD-1 in peripheral blood of patients with multiple myeloma increased in T cell subsets,Treg and Tfh cells,and was positively correlated with disease stage. |
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