Functional Assessment Of Masticatory Muscles In Edentulous Patients Rehabilitated With Implant Supported Prostheses

Purpose: To evaluate the muscular function of edentulous patients rehabilitated with implant supported prostheses.Methods: This study evaluated 30 patients.Fifteen patients were successfully rehabilitated with full arch implant fixed restoration.Ten patients were restored with single arch IFCDP with opposing arch being natural teeth and/or implant supported partial prostheses.Five patients wore implant supported overdenture in mandibular and maxillary removable denture(no dropout implants,satisfactory aesthetic and function demands prosthesis).Fifteen subjects were dentate.All participants responded to a questionnaire based on the Oral Health Impact Profile to evaluate satisfaction with their prostheses.Data were analyzed by chi-squared test.Electromyography recording was carried out during rest,clenching and habitual chewing.All values were standardized as percentage of a maximum voluntary contraction on cotton roll.The Standardized mean potential,mean peak potential,and asymmetry index,activity index and torque index of masticatory muscle were calculated and analyzed by ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis to compare groups and paired t-test was used for comparison of different food within each group.the significance level was established as P < 0.05.SPSS 23.0 software package was used.Results: Approximately 56% of the edentulous patients with implant fixed prostheses were almost completely satisfied with their prostheses.40% patients were moderate satisfied.while patients with overdenture experienced almost moderate satisfaction(P<0.05)except one patients.All groups presented symmetric muscular activity.The IFCDP and dentate groups had similar muscles surface electromyography contraction pattern,that is,a higher EMG activity of temporalis muscles than masseter,No statistical difference of mean values of four muscles,the relative change of chewing different texture food and motor coordination index was found between implant rehabilitated groups and dentate groups,except for abnormal right masseter activity in implant overdenture compared with dentate groups when chewing hard food(P<0.05).Conclusion: 1,All patients were satisfied with their prostheses.And the one rehabilitated with fixed prostheses showed a higher level of satisfaction than the patients with overdentures.2,The muscular function similarity of implant supported and dentate patients shows that this treatment concept may be considered as a good option for oral rehabilitation in edentulous patients.