Study On The Changes Of Serum Vitamin A And Immune Function Levels In Children With Bronchopneumonia

ObjectiveTo analyze the changes of serum vitamin A and immune function levels in children with bronchopneumonia in Yan'an area,and provide new ideas and theoretical basis for clinical treatment of children with bronchopneumonia.MethodCollect 61 children set as bronchopneumonia group who were diagnosed with bronchopneumonia in the pediatric second ward of Yan'an University from January2018to February 2019.According to the condition,41 cases were classified as mild pneumonia group and 20 cases were set as severe pneumonia group.And the control group were collected from the healthy children at the same time for examination in this hospital.The venous blood was collected in the second day in the bronchopneumonia group,and healthy children at the time of physical examination.The serum vitamin A was measured by High Performance Liquid Chromatography,the T lymphocyte subset was measured by Flow Cytometer,and the serum immunoglobulin IgG,Ig A,Ig M were measured by Turbidimetric inhibition immuno assay.Compare the above indicators in the groups.Result1.Comparison of gender and age between the two groups:the average age of control group was(1.50±0.65)years old,bronchopneumonia group was(1.65±0.84)years old(t=0.740,P=0.463),there was no significant difference between two groups.In the control group,70%were boys and 30%were females,in the bronchial pneumonia group,68.85%were boys,31.15%were girls,x~2=0.009,P=0.923,there was no significant difference between two groups.2.Comparison of VA level and deficiency rate:The average of serum vitamin A levels in the mild pneumonia group,severe pneumonia group and control group was(0.29±0.08,0.22±0.07,0.37±0.09)mg/l,F=13.837,p=0.000(P<0.05),the difference was statistically significant.The level of VA in Severe pneumonia group was lower than the control group and mild pneumonia group,mild pneumonia group was lower than the control group.Therefore,it was considered that serum VA decreases when pneumonia occurs,and the more severe the disease,the more obvious the decline.The detection rate of VAD in bronchial pneumonia was 16.39%,which was higher than 5%in the control group.Because there was T<5,adopt Chi-square continuous correction,P=0.360 P>0.05,the difference was not significant.The detection rate of SVAD in bronchial pneumonia was 39.34%,which was higher than that in the control group(15%),and P=0.045,P<0.05,the difference was significant.3.Comparison of T lymphocyte subsets:The average of CD3+T and CD4+T cells in the severe pneumonia group were(53.34±9.82,29.73±7.45)%,lower than the control group(63.76±6.30,36.53±5.37)%,and the mild group(61.55±7.71,33.91±6.18)%,P<0.05,the difference was statistically significant.The CD3+T and CD4+T cells in the mild group were lower than the control group,but there was no significant difference(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the comparison of CD8+T cells and CD4+/CD8+among three groups.Therefore,when bronchial pneumonia occurs,CD3+T and CD4+T cells in the body decline,especially in severe pneumonia.4.Comparison of immunoglobulin:The level of Ig A in severe pneumonia was statistically lower than control group(P<0.05),The level of Ig A in severe pneumonia Compared with mild pneumonia group and control group Compared with mild pneumonia group,there was no difference.Ig G in severe pneumonia were significantly lower than those in the control group and mild pneumonia group(P<0.05),and the difference was statistically significant.Serum Ig G levels in mild pneumonia was statistically lower than control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in Ig M among three groups(P>0.05).When bronchial pneumonia occurs,the child's humoral immune function declines,especially in severe pneumonia.Conclusion1.The serum vitamin A level of in bronchial pneumonia was lower than normal,and the detection rate of SVAD was significantly higher than that of normal children.The more severe of the pneumonia,the more obvious of the decline of VA,and the lack of VA was may be one of the risk factors for pneumonia.2.The cellular immune function in bronchial pneumonia was declined,especiallyin severe pneumonia.The percentage of CD3+T and CD4+T lymphocytes was mainly decreased.3.The level of Ig A,Ig G in bronchial pneumonia were decline,and the declinewas more obvious in severe pneumonia,suggesting that children with pneumonia have humoral immune dysfunction.