| Biomarkers can be used as objective measurement and evaluation index for normal biological process,pathological process and drug evaluation.Various metabolites as potential biomarkers present in human urine can be influenced by individual physiological parameters?e.g.,body mass index,age,and gender?.Quantitative metabolomics analysis in the urine of 183 healthy individuals was performed based on high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry?LC-MS?.Coefficients of variation were obtained for 109 urine metabolites of all 183 human healthy subjects.Three urine metabolites?such as dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate,acetaminophen glucuronide and p-Anisic acid?with CV183>0.3,for which metabolomics studies have been scarce so far,are considered highly variable here.We identified 30 age-related metabolites,18BMI-related metabolites,and 42 gender-related metabolites.Among the identified metabolites,3metabolites were found to be associated with all three physiological parameters?age,BMI,and gender?,which contained dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate,3-Methylcrotonylglycine and N-Acetyl-aspartic acid.Pearson's coefficients demonstrated that some age,BMI,gender-related compounds are strongly correlated,suggesting that age,BMI and gender affected them concomitantly.Moreover,metabolic difference between distinct physiological status was found to be related to several metabolic pathways?such as the caffeine metabolism,the amino acid metabolism,and the carbohydrate metabolism?.These findings may be the key to the discovery of new diagnosis and treatment and new understandings of the mechanism of disease and could further extend the study of pharmacodynamic action of drugs at the molecular level. |
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