Experimental Study On The Effect Of Olfactory Training On Olfactory Function In Mice With Olfactory Dysfunction

Objective : The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of olfactory training in the recovery of olfactory function in mice with olfactory disorders induced by intraperitoneal injection of 3-methylindoleole(3-methylindolein3-MI)through animal behavior and histopathology.Methods:Thirty-one healthy male BALB/c mice weighing 18-22 g at 7-8 weeks of age were randomly divided into 3 groups : control group(group A,n=10),model group of olfactory dysfunction(group B,n=10),olfactory dysfunction + olfactory training(group C,n=11).Group B and group C mice were intraperitoneally injected with 3MI dissolved in corn oil to induce olfactory disturbance model at a dose of 150mg/kg,while mice in group A were intraperitoneally injected with corn oil of the same volume.On the first day after modeling,mice in group C were atomized and inhaled with 4 kinds of olfactory substances,namely rose oil,lemon oil,clove oil and eucalyptus oil,while mice in group B were atomized and inhaled with 4 groups of distilled water,twice a day,each odor for thirty minutes one time and for 28 days.Group A was not treated and was kept normally.The “buried food pellet” test was conducted separately at before modeling and at 7,14,21 and 28 days after modeling to evaluate the changes in olfactory function of mice based on the foraging time.Mice were sacrificed for olfactory mucosa at 28 days after modeling,and the number of olfactory marker protein(OMP)on the olfactory mucosa was detected by immunohistochemistry to evaluate the intervention effect of olfactory trainingResults:Before modeling,all mice in each group had no olfactory disturbance,and the difference in food finding time was not statistically significant(P > 0.05).On the7 th,14th,21 st and 28 th days of odor olfactory training and distilled water training,the food finding time of mice in group C was shorter than that in group B,and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05),but the foraging time of mice in group B and C was longer than that in group A(P < 0.05).On the 28 th day after modeling,OMP positive cells in olfactory mucosa of mice in group A were tan and widely distributed in the epidermis and lamina propria.In group B,the olfactory mucosal epithelium was thinned,the staining was diluted,and the expression of OMP was decreased.The number of cells with positive OMP staining was significantly different from that of group A and C(P < 0.05).The mucosal epithelium of mice in group C became thinner,the staining was lighter than that in group A,the OMP expression was lower than that in group A,and the number of OMP positive cells was statistically different from that in group A and group B(P < 0.05).Conclusion:Olfactory training can promote the regeneration of olfactory cells and restore the olfactory function of 3MI induced olfactory disorder mice.