Study On Health-related Quality Of Life, Self-concept And Their Influencing Factors Of The Tibetan, Hui And Han School Children In Xiahe, Gannan

Objective: The purpose of this study is to explore the health-related quality of life(HRQOL)and self-concept of the Tibetan,Hui and Han school children in Xiahe,Gannan,investigate the current status of HRQOL and self-concept of the local school children;analyze dietary intake of school children and compare the differences among different ethnic groups,and also identify the correlation between diet and children's HRQOL and self-concept;investigate the influencing factors of HRQOL and self-concept by structural equation model.Methods: The whole group sampling method was applied to select all the children from the3 rd to 5th grades from the Labrang Primary School in Xiahe County,Gannan Prefecture.336 questionnaires was distributed on the spot including basic information questionnaire,dietary frequency questionnaire,PedsQL 4.0(The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Measurement Models)and Piers-Harris Child's self-concept,and 323 effective questionnaires were obtained.The effective recovery rate was 96.13%.SPSS20.0 was used to conduct descriptive statistical analysis.CDGSS3.0 was applied to analyze the intake of dietary and nutrient.BMI was calculated according to height and weight,and thus using a comprehensive evaluation of of children and adolescents developmental(GB/T 31178-2014)to evaluate the nutritional status of children.AMOS 17.0 software was used to construct the structural equation model.Results:(1)HRQOL of the Tibetan,Hui and Han school children in Xiahe,Gannan was lower than that of healthy children in other regions(P<0.05),with a total score of 77.57.Among the different ethnic groups,the HRQOL score of the Tibetan children was hi gher than that of the Hui children(P<0.05),and the score of the Han children was 78.02.One-way analysis of variance showed that HRQOL had significant differences in different ages,parental occupation,parental education level,family monthly income and guardian(P<0.05);(2)The self-concept score of the school children was consistent with the HRQO L,in which the Intellectual and school status,the Physical appearance and attributes were lower than the domestic norm(P<0.01).Among different ethnic groups,the Tibetan child ren's self-concept score was higher than that of the Hui children(P<0.05),while the score of the Han children was 55.43.One-way analysis of variance showed that the self-concep t scores was significantly different in terms of gender,grade,staying status,parental occupation,parental education,family monthly income and guardian(P<0.05);(3)In terms of n utritional status,the detection rate of malnutrition in the Hui children was higher than that of the Han and Tibetan children(P<0.05);(4)The intake of cereals was higher than the Recommended nutrient intake(RNI)(P<0.05).The intake of vegetables,fruits,milk and dairy products was much lower than RNI(P<0.05);(5)There was a significant positive c orrelation between Physical function and sodium intake in the school children(P<0.05).H RQOL and its dimensions were positively correlated with iodine intake(P<0.01),and grai n intake was significantly positively correlated with Physical function,social function,Sch ool function,and the total score of HRQOL(P<0.05).Milk and dairy intake was significa ntly positively correlated with School function(P<0.05).Vegetables intake was also positiv ely correlated with emotional function(P<0.01).The total score of self-concept was positi vely related to calories,protein,fat,dietary fiber,vitamin C,potassium,sodium,calcium,magnesium,cereals,milk dairy products and vegetables(P<0.05).Behavioral dimension h ad positive correlations with carotene,iodine,grains,milk,dairy products,eggs(P<0.05).In tellectual and school status was significantly positively correlated with calories,protein,fat, vitamin E,potassium,calcium,grain,aquatic products,vegetables,etc.(P<0.05).Physical appearance and attributes was significantly positively correlated with fat and vegetables int ake(P<0.05).Anxiety was also positively related to iodine,milk and dairy products(P<0.05).Popularity was significantly positively correlated with dietary fiber,carotene,magnesiu m,vegetables,etc.(P<0.05).Happiness and satisfaction were significantly positively correl ated with the intake of dietary fiber,carrot,vitamin C,calcium,milk,dairy products and aquatic products.(P<0.05);(6)HRQOL of school children was significantly correlated with self-concept(P<0.01);(7)Logistic regression analysis of ordered multi-classification show ed age,staying status,fosterer,father's occupation and mother's education level could signi ficantly affect HRQOL of school children(P<0.05).Age,parental education,and per capit a monthly income(family)were the related factors that affect self-concept of school childr en(P<0.05);(8)Demographic characteristics,family status and dietary intake had an impa ct on HRQOL and self-concept of the school children.Demographic characteristics,Family status and dietary intake were positively correlated with HRQOL(0.203,0.325,0.194,res pectively).Demographic characteristics,family status,and dietary intake were positively co rrelated with self-concept(0.425,0.230,respectively).Conclusions:(1)The HRQOL of the Tibetan,Hui and Han school children in the Xi ahe,Gannan is at a low level with total score of 77.57;(2)The total score of self-conce pt of Tibetan,Hui and Han school-age children in Xiahe,Gannan is 54.58,which is not significantly different from the domestic norm(P>0.05),however,as dimensions of self-con cept,Intellectual and school status,Physical appearance and attributes of the Tibetan,Hui and Han school children in the Xiahe,Gannan were lower than that of domestic norms(P<0.05);(3)The dietary intake of school children in the Tibetan,Hui and Han ethic group i n Xiahe,Gannan is lower than the Recommended nutrient intake(RNI)in addition to the intake of cereals.In particular,the intake of vegetables,fruits and milk is significantly low er than the Recommended nutrient intake;(4)HRQOL and self-concept of the Tibetan,Hu i and Han school children in Xiahe,Gannan are related to dietary intake,and there is a p ositive correlation between HRQOL and self-concept for school children in Xiahe,Gannan;(5)HRQOL of the Tibetan,Hui and Han school children in Xiahe,Gannan mainly was mainly influenced by age,height and weight.Parents,father's occupation,mother's educati on level,dietary intake,etc.and the factors influencing the self-concept of Tibetan,Hui a nd Han school-age children in the Xiahe,Gannan mainly included age,height,weight,par ental education,and dietary intake.