Modeling And Analysis Of The Effect Of Tumor Mechanics On Its Growth And Immune Response

Cancer,or malignant tumor,is one of the most difficult diseases to cure at present.Tumor cells proliferate rapidly in patients by virtue of their infinite proliferation,invasion and metastasis,which seriously endangers human health.As an important system of immune response and immune function,the immune system itself has the function of recognizing and eliminating foreign antigens and mutant cells in vivo.However,due to the low immunogenicity and immunosuppression of tumor cells,tumors can escape recognition and elimination of the immune system.Therefore,according to the different states of tumor cells and immune system,there are three different interactions between tumors and immune system: the clearance of tumors,the balance between tumors and immune system,and the immune escape of tumors.At present,many studies have found that the growth and development of tumors are related to the mechanical properties of cells and tumour microenvironment.The stiffness of tumor cells or the adhesion between tumor cells,the stiffness of extracellular matrix and the change of adhesion between tumor cells and extracellular matrix are often related to the growth and spread of tumors.In this paper,the effects of mechanical properties on the growth of tumors and the relationship between tumors and immune system are analyzed by mathematical modeling based on the theory of Cellular Potts Model.In Chapter 2,a two-dimensional tumor growth model including extracellular matrix(ECM)was established to investigate the effects of mechanical properties on tumor growth.It was found that the increase of cell stiffness promoted the growth of tumors,while the increase of extracellular matrix stiffness inhibited the growth of tumors.In addition,the increase of cell-cell and cell-ECM adhesion is conducive to the proliferation of cancer cells.In Chapter 3,we combine the tumor growth model with the immune response model to establish the tumor-immune response model,and use this model to study the influence of the change of tumor cell adhesion on the development of tumors in the immune environment.The results showed that the increase of the adhesion between tumors was not conducive to the immune escape of tumors,and the decrease of the adhesion between tumors was conducive to the occurrence of immune escape of tumors.In Chapter 4,we improved the tumor-immune response model and studied the influence of antigen presentation on immune surveillance system.The results showed that the lifetime of antigen-presenting cells significantly reduced the intensity of immune response and promoted the escape and diffusion of tumors.Finally,in Chapter 5,the effects of mechanical properties on the growth and development of tumors at different stages are analyzed by establishing a tumor-immune interaction model.The results showed that in the early stage of cancer,the immune system with normal surveillance and killing function could effectively inhibit the tumor cells with strong invasion and diffusion ability.In summary,this paper combines the mechanical characteristics of tumors with the immune response,explores the specific effects of cellular mechanical characteristics on the growth and development of tumors under various conditions,and tries to explore the effects of changes in mechanical characteristics on the growth of tumors and the relationship between tumors and immune system,so as to better understand the development mechanism of malignant tumors in human body.