Extraction And Bioactivities Of Anthroquinones And Polysaccharides In Cassio Occidentalis Linn

Cassia occidentalis Linn.?CO?is a traditional ayruvedic edible shrub containing anthraquinones?AQs?and polysaccharides as the principle active constituents.In folk medicine,it has a variety of uses including treatment of whooping cough?‘pertussis'?and inflammatory diseases.Despite these applications,limited data are available to validate the effects of the AQs found within C.occidentalis on airways inflammation in asthma.In chapter one,the composition,pharmcological activities,the extraction metholds of active constituents and asthma research were introduced.In chapter two,mechanical parameters and extraction parameters of AQ from CO were studied.On the basis of the response surfaces,the optimal conditions were predicted as 331.50 rpm rotational speed,21.82min grinding time,25.56:1 ratio of solvent to material,and 16.97%solid reagent.For operational convenience,the extraction parameters were set as 332 rpm,22 min,26:1 and 17%,respectively.And rhein was identified by HPLC-MS and standards contrast from refined AQ.In addition,the anti-inflammatory activities of AQs and rheinwere explored.Then it was studied in the model of ovalbumin?OVA?-induced asthma to explore its airways anti-inflammation.Results showed that treatment with AQs and rhein decreased inflammatory cell counts and production of Th2cytokines IL-4,IL-5 and IL-13 in BALF,and OVA-specific IgE in serum.In contrast,Th1 cytokine IFN-?production in BALF was promoted.AQs and rhein also decreased mRNA expression of Th1/Th2 cytokine in lung tissue.Histological studies demonstrated that AQs and rhein substantially inhibited OVA-induced cellular infiltration,mucus hypersecretion and goblet cell hyperplasia in the lung.These all suggest a promising ethnopharmacological use for CO in patients with asthma and in the field of functional food or medicine.In chapter three,mechanical parameters of crude polysaccharides?CPS?from CO seed were studied by single factor experiment.The optimal conditions were as follows:200 rpm rotational speed,10 min grinding time,and 16%filling degree,respectively.The CPS yield by mechanically-assisted extraction was 87.92 mg/g,almost twice than traditional heat reflux extraction.And the antioxidant activityand anti-inflammation of CPS2 extracted from C.occidentalis seedwas explored.In vitro,CPS2 presented good anti-inflammatory and DPPH,ABTS,-OH,O^2-radicals scavenging activities.The cell viability and NO production results showed that CPS2 reducedstimulated NO production compared with the LPS-stimulated positive control group.This supports thegoodantioxidantandanti-inflammatoryeffectsofC.occidentalisseedwith potential application in the field of functional food or medicine.