Expression And Significance Of MiR-21 In Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Objective: Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma(OSCC)is one of the most common malignant tumors in Oral and maxillofacial region.OSCC usually occurs in adults between 40 and 60 years old,and always more males than females,the most common sites of OSCC are in tongue,gum,cheek and palate tissues.OSCC developed rapidly,with regional lymph node metastasis in the early stage and distant metastasis in the late stage,which seriously affected the life quality of patients and even threatened life.Although great progress has made in treatment,the mortality rate of OSCC is still very high.Therefore,how to achieve early prevention,diagnosis and effective treatment is one of the issues concerned by modern medicine.In recent years,researchers focuses on screening of abnormal expression genes in oral squamous cell carcinoma in order to contribute the early detection and auxiliary treatment of OSCC and improve the clinical cure rate and survival rate.Some studies have found that miR21 expression was increased significantly in the head and neck tumor tissues,and the abnormal expression of miR-21 was more significant in the tongue squamous cell carcinoma.Meanwhile,we found abnormal expression of miRNA in peripheral blood of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma in the previous experimental study.So whether miR-21 expression in oral squamous carcinoma tissues associated with tumor differentiation degree is still unclear,so the aim of this study is to investigate the pathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma by comparing the miR-21 expression in oral squamous carcinoma tissues and normal oral mucosa tissues and analyze its relationship with tumor differentiation degree,and in order to provide experimental basis and theoretical basis for early diagnosis and treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma.Methods: From September 2016 to September 2017,26 cases of oralsquamous cell carcinoma were diagnosed in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University.There were 10 cases of highly differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma,7cases of moderately differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma and 9 cases of poorly differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma.Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)patients and normal oral mucosa(tumor margin more than2.0 cm)were taken as experimental group and control group.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of microRNA-21 in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients and normal oral mucosa.Results:1.The ODA260/A280 ratio of oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues and normal oral mucosa tissues was between 1.8-2.0,and the purity of specimens conformed to the requirements.2.The relative expression of miR-21 in oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues and normal oral mucosa tissues were 2.401 ± 0.94 and 0.632 ± 0.15,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(F=99.46,P<0.05).3.The relative expression levels of miR-21 were 2.063 + 0.81,2.034 +0.85 and 2.739 + 0.97 in the tissues with high,medium and low differentiation of squamous cell carcinoma respectively,and the expression increased in tissues with low differentiation of squamous cell carcinoma was more significant than that in high,medium differentiation of squamous cell carcinoma,and the differences were statistically significant(P=0.0242).Conclusion: Expression of miR-21 was up-regulated in oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues,and its high expression was closely related to the tumor differentiation degree of patients,and results suggested that mir-21 may play an important role in the occurrence and development of oral squamous cell carcinoma.