A Research On Prevention Effect Of HBM-Based Nursing Intervention On Gestational Diabetes Mellitus In Overweight And Obese Pregnant Women

Purpose: To explore the preventive effect of health belief mode-based nursing intervention on gestational diabetes mellitus in the pregnant women that were overweight and obese before they became pregnant,the intervention effect of appropriate weight gain during pregnancy and Influences on pregnancy outcome(mode of delivery,incidence of macrosomia).Method: Using convenient sampling method to select pregnant women that underwent the first maternity examination(progesterone about 80,000),planned to continue pregnancy and were overweight and obese before they became pregnant,as the research subjects.Drawing lots during the first maternity examination and those who draw odd numbers are divided into experimental group and even number into control group.Those in the control group received routine health education which included disseminating randomly the knowledge of diet,exercise and weight gain during pregnancy was at the first and routine maternity examinations and providing handbook on diet,exercise and weight gain during pregnancy.Questions are answered routinely at each maternity examination.The experimental group was given health belief mode-based education on the basis of routine health education.The main contents of intervention were to assess the obstacles encountered by the pregnant women that were overweight and obese before they became pregnant in the process of taking healthy behaviors,help to form beliefs about GDM and susceptibility to adverse pregnancy outcomes,develop behavioral change programs that are in line with their own situation and supervise the implementation play to manage weight.Observe and compare the incidence of GDM,the weight gain during pregnancy and the pregnancy outcome in two groups.Result: 80 subjects were included in this research,of which 7 cases lost follow-up.The rate of missing follow-up was 8.75%.A total of 73 pregnant women completed the collection of all data,of which 37 in the experimental group and 36 in the control group.Comparing with general demographic data and clinical data,there was no statistical significance between the experimental group and the control group(P > 0.05).The incidence of GDM in the experimental group(24.3%)was lower than that in the control group(47.2%).The qualified rate of gestational weight growth in the experimental group(56.8%)was higher than that in the control group(30.6%).The difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).The body mass of the experimental group at different stages of pregnancy was lower than that of the control group,but there was no statistical significance(P > 0.05).Differences in body mass increment at the early and late pregnancy had no statistical significance(P>0.05).The total body mass growth of the experimental group during the second trimester of pregnancy and pregnancy was lower than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).The cesarean section rates of the experimental group and the control group were respectively 48.6% and 52.8%.There was no significant difference between the two groups(P > 0.05).The incidence of macrosomia in the experimental group(18.9%)was lower than that in the control group(30.6%),but the difference was not statistically significant(P > 0.05).Conclusion: Health belief mode based nursing intervention significantly reduced the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus in the women that were overweight and obese before pregnancy,significantly reduced the total weight gain of the women that were overweight and obese before pregnancy during the second trimester of pregnancy and pregnancy,and increase the qualification rate of suitable growth for weight gain;the incidence of cesarean section and fetal macrosomia were not significantly reduced.