Effects Of Early Application Of Probiotics On Preterm Infants Less Than 34 Weeks In Gestational Age

Objective: The effects of probiotics on growth and development,gastrointestinal function,jaundice,clinical complications and hospitalization of premature infants with gestational age < 34 weeks were observed.Methods: 101 premature infants with gestational age < 34 weeks were randomly divided into probiotics group(n = 51)and control group(n = 50).On the basis of routine treatment and nursing in both groups,probiotics group was given probiotics(Changlekang) 500mg/ once a day within 24 hours after birth,and the drug was given daily in the morning.To observe and record the time of fetal stool yellowing in two groups of premature infants,the time of total intestinal feeding,the incidence of feeding intolerance(retention,abdominal distension,vomiting),the weight gain,the length of stay in hospital and the cost of hospitalization,and record the children on day 1,day 7.The ratio of cocci to bacilli in stool at 14 days.At the same time,the time of jaundice was recorded and the jaundice index was measured on the 1st and 7th day of treatment.The incidence of(NEC),septicemia in necrotizing enterocolitis was observed in the two groups.Results:1.The incidence of abdominal distension in probiotics group and control group was 12 cases and 27 cases,respectively.The incidence of abdominal distension in probiotics group was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).Vomiting occurred in probiotics group(n=6)and control group(n=14).The incidence of vomiting in probiotics group was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).Gastric retention occurred in probiotics group(23 cases) and control group(37 cases).The incidence of gastric retention in probiotics group was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).2.There was no significant difference in the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis between probiotics group and control group(P>0.05).The incidence of septicemia in probiotics group and control group was 5 cases and 7 cases,respectively.There was no significant difference in the incidence of sepsis between the two groups(P>0.05).3.There was no significant difference in milk opening time between probiotics group and control group(P>0.05).The median total intestinal feeding time of probiotics group and control group were 22 days and 28 days,respectively.The results showed that the feeding time of preterm infants treated with probiotics was significantly lower than that of control group(P<0.05).4.There was no significant difference in fecal time between probiotics group and control group(P>0.05).The median time of stool yellowing in probiotics group and control group was 13 days and 18 days,respectively.The results showed that the time of fetal yellowing in preterm infants treated with probiotics was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).5.There was no significant difference in the onset time of jaundice between probiotics group and control group(P>0.05),and there was no significant difference in jaundice index on the first day of treatment between the two groups(P>0.05).The median jaundice index of probiotics group and control group were 6.8 and 7.6 respectively on the 7th day after treatment.The results showed that the jaundice index of probiotics group was significantly lower than that of control group on the 7th day after treatment.6.The first day of preterm birth is essentially aseptic.On the 7th day after treatment,the median of stool culture ball-rod ratio in probiotics group and control group was 0.25 and 1.50,and on the 14 th day after treatment,the median ratio of stool culture ball-rod between probiotics group and control group was 0.11 and 1.00.7.The median hospitalization days of probiotics group and control group were 27 days and 33 days,respectively.The results showed that the hospitalization days of probiotics group were significantly lower than those of control group(P<0.05).The median hospitalization expenses of probiotics group and control group were $43,000 and $54,000,respectively.The results showed that the hospitalization cost of probiotics group was significantly lower than that of control group(P<0.05).8.The effects of probiotics and time on the children's weight were compared during the first four times of hospitalization.The results showed that under the treatment methods of the two groups,the effect of the time factors on the weight of the children showed that the effect of the time factors on the weight of the children showed that P<0.05,the results showed that the time effect was significantly related to the weight gain.The test results of the effect of probiotics on body weight showed that the effect of probiotics on body weight was not significant(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in birth weight and discharge weight between the two groups(P>0.05),indicating that probiotics had no significant effect on weight gain.Conclusions: On the basis of routine treatment and nursing of premature infants of gestational age < 34 weeks,early addition of probiotics could reduce the incidence of abdominal distension,vomiting and gastric retention,shorten the time of fetal stool turning yellow,reach the whole intestinal feeding time,shorten the time of jaundice disappearance,and shorten the time of jaundice regression.Improve the proportion of intestinal bacilli,promote the establishment of beneficial flora,shorten the hospital stay,reduce the cost of hospitalization.