Lemuel Shattuck And The American Sanitary Reform In The Mid-19^th Century

Since the beginning of the industrial revolution in the United States,the level of industrialization has been continuously improved,the urbanization process has been accelerating,and the urban population has been increasing.This has led to the accumulation of production and domestic garbage,the deterioration of the urban environment,and the prevalence of infectious diseases such as cholera,which poses a serious threat to the American public.Since the 1930 s and 1940 s,in order to improve the environmental health of the United States,Lemuel Shattuck has devoted himself to public health reform and made tremendous contributions.In the early years,Lemuel Shattuck worked as a teacher and publisher,and accumulated a wealth of wealth,laying the foundation for his subsequent focus on public affairs.At the same time,the rise of the American industrial revolution,the improvement of the transportation network,and the acceleration of the urbanization process have highlighted the public health problems in the United States.Under the influence of Chadwick and the British public health reform movement,the United States has also begun the pace of public health reform.During his stay in Concord,Shattuck became interested in history and anthropology.By consulting the materials,he found serious flaws in the birth,marriage and death registration of the population in Massachusetts,which prompted him to make up his mind to reform the American system of vital statistics registration.After moving to Boston,Shattuck has been actively improving the birth,marriage and death registration system,and began a census of the Boston area,and then participated in the Seventh United States Census,which opened up the modernization of the United States demographics.In 1850,he submitted Report of a General Plan for the Promoting of Public and Personal Health to the Sanitary Commission of Massachusetts,which built a blueprint for the future development of the American public health system and laid the foundation for the widespread.development of the public health movement in the late 19 th century.The establishment of the Massachusetts State Board of Health and the introduction of the National Quarantine Act of 1878 opened up a new situation of public health in the United States.Now more than 100 years later,Shattuck's public health reform initiatives have been practiced in the United States,which have produced good social and economic effects.At the same time,this reform laid the foundation for the establishment of the American public health system and also had an important impact on public health in other countries and regions of the world.This paper studies Shattuck and the 19 th century American public health movement,and draws lessons from them to provide reference for the current development of public health in China.History can better guide the development of the present and the future,study the history of American public health,and tap its historical value,aiming to provide guidance for the development of public health in China.