Comparison Of Craniofacial Airway Evaluation Indexes Between Mongolian And Han Nationality And Its Effect On Tracheal Intubation

Objective:To compare the national differences of craniofacial airway sensitivity between Mongolian and Han nationality before operation and the influence of these differences on the incidence of difficult tracheal intubation between Mongolian and Han nationality.Methods:From December 2017 to December 2018,100 Mongolian and 100 Han patients underwent general anesthesia in our hospital,and the Mongolian and Han patients who met the inclusion criteria were selected.The airway sensitivity indexes such as height,weight,mouth opening,nail chin distance,mandibular length and neck circumference were measured before operation,and the Mallampati grading was observed.the mask ventilation and tracheal intubation were recorded during general anesthesia induction in Mongolian and Han nationality.In the study,the average value of each index was measured three times as the final result,and the measurement,observation and tracheal intubation were operated by the same person.Results:(1)gender differences: there were significant differences in mouth opening,nail chin distance,mandibular length and neck circumference between male and female(P < 0.05),and male was larger than female(P < 0.05),and there were significant differences in mouth opening,nail chin distance,mandibular length and neck circumference between male and female(P < 0.05).However,there was no significant difference in Mallampati grading between male and female(P > 0.05).In the Han nationality,There were significant differences in nail chin distance,mandible length and neck circumference between male and female(P < 0.05),but there was no significant difference in mouth opening and Mallampati grade between male and female(P > 0.05),but there was no significant difference in mouth opening and neck circumference between male and female(P > 0.05),but there was no significant difference in mouth opening and neck circumference between male and female.(2)ethnic difference: there was s-ignificant difference in mouth opening between Mongolian male and Han male(P < 0.05),and Mongolian male was higher than Han male,but there was no significant difference in other measurement indexes and Mallampati grade(P > 0.05);Compared with Han women,Mongolian women,The length of mandible in Han nationality women was longer than that in Mongolian women,but there was no significant difference in other measurement indexes and Mallampati grade(P > 0.05).(3)comparison of the incidence of difficult airway: all Mongolian and Han patients did not have mask ventilation difficulty during induction.In Mongolian nationality,95 cases had no difficult tracheal intubation and 5 cases had difficult tracheal intubation after general anesthesia induction,while in Han nationality,96 cases had no difficult tracheal intubation and 4 cases had difficult tracheal intubation after general anesthesia induction.There was no significant difference in the incidence of difficult intubation between Mongolian and Han nationalities(P > 0.05).Conclusions There is significant difference in craniofacial airway evaluation indexes between Mongolian and Han nationality,but the difference does not result in the difference in the incidence of difficult tracheal intubation between the two nationalities.