| Objectives To investigate the relationship between the level of aquaporin 3 in placenta and gestational diabetes mellitus including pregnancy outcomes,as well as the relationship between adiponectin in umbilical arterial blood and gestational diabetes mellitus including pregnancy outcomes.Methods 60 cases with GDM who were admitted to the obstetrics department of the Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology from November2017 to October 2018 were selected as the case group,and 60 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance were selected as the control group.Their placental tissue and umbilicalarterybloodsampleswerecollectedshortlyafterdelivery.Immunohistochemistry and Western blot as well as real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-PCR)were used to detect the localization of AQP3 and the expression of AQP3protein as well as mRNA in placental tissues.The APN level in umbilical arterial blood were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Pregnancy outcomes,such as whether accepted cesarean section,whether there was macrosomia,fetal distressor or neonatal asphyxia were recorded.Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between AQP3 level in placental tissue and gestational diabetes mellitus including their pregnancy outcomes,as well as the relationship between the APN level in umbilical arterial blood and gestational diabetes mellitus including their pregnancy outcomes.The OR value was calculated.Results 1 The immunohistochemical results suggested that AQP3 protein was expressed in the cytoplasm and membrane of placental trophoblast cells,and its expression in the placental tissue was weakly positive in the GDM group while stronger in the control group.Semi-quantitative analysis of AQP3 protein expression was performed with Image-Pro-Plus software,and the integral optical density value(IOD)was calculated for comparison between the two groups.The IOD for AQP3 in the GDM group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).2 The Western blot results were consistent with the immunohistochemical results.The expression level of AQP3 protein in the GDM group(0.69±0.20)was lower than that in the control group(0.87±0.23),(P<0.05).3 The RT-PCR results showed that the expression level of AQP3 mRNA in the GDM group(0.82±0.26)was lower than that in the control group(1.80±0.39),(P<0.05).4 The ELISA results indicated that the level of APN in umbilical arterial blood in the GDM group(49.18±1.96 mg/L)was lower than that in the control group(50.68±1.45 mg/L),(P<0.05).5The expression level of AQP3 protein in placental tissue was related to GDM,and the patients with decreased expression level of AQP3 protein had an increased risk of GDM[OR=5.29,95%CI:2.39~11.68].The level of APN in umbilical arterial blood was related to GDM,and patients with decreased level of APN had an increased risk of GDM[OR=2.98,95%CI:1.42-6.27].The results of multivariate analysis also showed that the levels of AQP3 and APN were related to GDM.6 The comparisons of pregnancy outcomes between the two groups showed that the incidence of macrosomia in the GDM group was higher than that in the control group(?~2=4.88,P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of cesarean section,fetal distress and neonatal asphyxia(P>0.05)between two groups.7 The level of AQP3 in the placenta of patients with GDM and normal glucose tolerance had an impact on the pregnancy outcomes,and patients with decreased expression level of AQP3 were at an increased risk of abnormal pregnancy outcomes[OR=5.50,12.0,95%CI:1.11~27.37,3.35~42.93].The level of APN in umbilical arterial blood of patients with GDM and normal glucose tolerance had an impact on the pregnancy outcomes,and patients with decreased level of APN had an increased risk of abnormal pregnancy outcomes[OR=3.40,22.67,95%CI:1.04~11.09,5.60~91.71].The results of multivariate analysis also showed that both levels of AQP3and APN had an effect on pregnancy outcomes.Conclusions 1 The expression level of AQP3 protein in placenta and the APN level in umbilical arterial blood are related to GDM,and patients with decreased level of AQP3and APN have an increased risk of GDM.2.The expression level of AQP3 protein in the placenta and the level of APN in the umbilical arterial blood have an impact on the pregnancy outcomes,and patients with reduced level of AQP3 and APN have an increased risk of cesarean section,macrosomia,fetal distress and neonatal asphyxia.Figure 4;Table 16;Reference 115... |
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