Function And Mechanism Study Of Dihydroartemisinin On The Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Of Echinococcus Granulosus

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the function and mechanism of Dihydroartemisinin(DHA)on the survival of the protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus.Methods: Use different concentration of DHA in protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus,then the eosin staining was used to analyze the viability and morphological changes of protoscoleces.The scanning electron microscope(SEM)was used to study the ultrastructural changes in the surface of the protoscoleces To investigate the effect of oxidative stress in the action processes of DHA on protoscoleces,the level of ROS and SOD were analyzed by WST method.The ion probe was used to detect the concentration of calcium in the proroca.In addition,the expression of GRP78 and Caspase12 were detected by confocal immunofluorescence and Western Blot.,and the Enzyme activity of caspase-3 was detected using the caspase-3 assay kit to To confirm whether endoplasmic reticulum stress is involved in the action of DHA on protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus.Results: The results of function study showed that compared to the control group,protoscoleces in the DHA-treated group was displayed in loss of viability,and the morphological changes including the soma contraction,blebs formation,hooks loss,microtrichia destruction,and lipid droplets.The results of mechanism study showed compared to the control group,the levels of ROS and SOD in the DHA-treated groups were increased and decreased,respectively(P<0.05).The calcium level was increased compared with the control group(P<0.05).Additionally,the expression levels of GRP78 and CHOP were decreased(P<0.05);and the levels of caspase-12 and Caspase-3 expression were increased(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: 1.DHA is able to inhibit the viability of protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus.and damage their structure.2.The endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway mediates the process of dihydroartemisinin inducing apoptosis in the protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus.3.Oxidative stress is involved in the prosess of inhibition of DHA on the protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus.