Sturgeon Fish Oil Protect Against NAFLD Progression Modificating Gut Microbiota

Sturgeon oil is a new type of oil extracted from the viscera of farmed sturgeon,rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs).However,the composition of fatty acids is different from that of deep-sea fish oil.Its health effects and effects on lipid metabolism have not been studied.Studies have shown that deep-sea fish oils rich in omega-3 PUFAs can interfere with the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),improve lipid metabolism,and relieve liver damage and liver inflammation.However,its specific mechanism is not yet fully understood.However,whether the new oil resource of sturgeon oil has similar health effects such as r e g u l a t i n g l i p i d m e t a b o l i s m n e e d s t o b e f u r t h e r s t u d i e d.OBJECTIVE: To establish an animal model of NAFLD by feeding high-fat diets,and to study the mechanism of omega-3 PUFA-enriched sturgeon oil regulating the b a l a n c e o f i n t e s t i n a l f l o r a a n d a l l e v i a t i n g N A F L D.METHODS: Sixty male SPF(specific pathogen-free,SPF)mice were randomly divided into three groups according to body weight.Normal control group(CON,n=20),NAFLD model group(High Fat Diets,HFD,n=20),sturgeon oil intervention group(SF,n=20).After 24 weeks,feces were collected,blood was collected,and liver and other materials were removed.The levels of TC,LDL-C,and TG in plasma were determined by colorimetry,and the activity of ALT and AST in serum was measured by enzymatic method.Paraffin sections(5 ?m sections)were made from liver tissue samples and HE staining was performed to observe the histological changes of liver tissues.PCR-DGGE technique was used to analyze changes in intestinal flora in mice.qPCR and western blot were used to detect the expression of inflammatory factors(IL-1,IL-6,TNF-?,etc.),intestinal connective protein OCLU,and ZO-1 in intestinal tissues and liver tissues.Changes of expression of TLR4 inflammatory s i g n a l i n g p a t h w a y a n d r e l a t e d f a c t o r s i n l i v e r t i s s u e.Results: Hepatic HE staining showed that hepatic lipid accumulation in the intervention group was reduced and inflammatory cell infiltration was reduced.Compared with the HFD group,the activity of liver ALT and AST in plasma was significantly decreased in the sturgeon oil intervention group.qPCR and western blot showed that: In the HFD group,the expression of IL-1?,TNF-?,and IL-6 in intestinal tissue and liver tissue increased significantly,while the SF group significantly decreased.Compared with the normal control group,the total bacterial population in the high-fat group significantly increased,Parabacteroides decreased,Enterobacter cloacae,Clostridium clariflavum increased,and intestinal intestinal protein OCLU and ZO-1 expression decreased.The total population of the sturgeon oil intervention group was higher than that of the high-fat group,the number of three bacteria was decreased,and the expression of intestinal connective protein was significantly increased.The hepatic TLR4 signaling pathway was significantly elevated in the h i g h-f a t g r o u p a n d s i g n i f i c a n t l y d e c r e a s e d i n t h e S F g r o u p.CONCLUSIONS: Sturgeon oil enriched with omega-3 PUFAs can alleviate bowel inflammation and improve intestinal wall barrier function by regulating the balance of intestinal flora.Ease the development of NAFLD by alleviating the inflammatory response induced by endotoxin-associated liver TLR4 signaling.