| Objective1.To understand the current situation of subjective quality of life for elderly people living in Guangzhou.2.In-depth understanding of the perception and cognitive understanding of subjective quality of life for elderly people living in Guangzhou.3.To explore the level of demand and the content of demand for the subjective quality of life for elderly people living in Guangzhou4.To provide a reference for the construction of the scale of subjective quality of life for the elderly.MethodsThe study used the in-depth interview method of phenomenological study in qualitative research.30 elderly people living in Yuexiu District and Panyu District of Guangzhou City were selected through purpose sampling method and snowball sampling method.The interview outline of the study is based on Maslow' s hierarchy of needs,the World Health Organization' s Quality of Life Measurement Scale(WHOQOL),combining with the regional characteristics of Guangzhou.The interview outline was subject to adjustment in time according to interview results.The interview methods were in-depth,semi-structured,face-to-face interviews,and interviews were recorded and transcribed into Word documents through the Poland transcription specification within 24 hours.Data analysis was performed by two researchers using N vivoll.O software and Colaizzi 7-step analysis method to encode and classify the research data,establish nodes,and topics extraction.At the same time,the life quality satisfaction degree of the study subjects was evaluated according to the World Health Organization Quality of Life Measurement Scale.The data were statistically analyzed by SPSS19.0 statistical software.The qualitative data were statistically described by frequency percentage.The quantitative data were statistically described by the mean,standard deviation and interquartile range.Results1.WHOQOL score:The total score of WHOQOL for the elderly in the city of Guangzhou was 86.77±9.91,of which the score in the physiological field was 14.13±2.85,while the score in the psychological field was 13.33±2.30,the score in the social field was 14.93±1.76,and the score in the environmental field was 14.00±1.91.2.The main cognitive understanding of the subjective quality of life for the elderly in Guangzhou consist in three perspectives.They are the basic material life such as eating and drinking,which is guaranteed by government pensions,the insurance for common chronic diseases,as well as the companion of their children.3.The hierarchy of subjective quality of life demands and its contents:(1)In terms of demand hierarchy,the Nvivo keyword frequency cloud map shows that the more common words are "child","daughter","son","nurturing","illness","living" and "medical".(2)In terms of demand contents,this study has extracted five major topics,including "basic life(?)eeds,medical security needs,neighborhood relatives care,ideal realization and pursuit,and acceptance and worry of nursing homes".The "basic living needs" include two sub-topics,including meeting basic material security and improving basic public facilities,“medical safety needs" includes four sub-topics:chronic diseases' medical care are guaranteed,worry of major diseases,top-level hospitals are more expensive and crowded,and community hospital services are not in place;"neighborhood relatives" includes two sub-topics:weakened but harmonious neighbor relationship,and child care needs."Social ideals and self-seeking " include two sub-topics:lower social realization and unsatisfied self-fulfillment.“Acceptation and fear of nursing homes" includes two sub-topics:voluntarily accepting admission to a nursing home as well as worrying about staying in a nursing home.Conclusion1.The quality of life in the physiological and social fields of elderly people living in Guangzhou has reached a certain level,while the quality of life in the psychological and environmental fields is lower.2.In the cognitive understanding of the subjective quality of life,the elder believe that the level of pension,the insurance for chronic diseases,and the companionship of children and grandchildren determine the subjective quality of life.3.The demand hierarchy for elderly people living in Guangzhou is:?The basic physiological needs level such as economic security has been met;?The current level of demand for the elderly is mainly for safety needs,love and belonging,including worry for major diseases,chronic diseases,concerns and dissatisfaction with the service of the general hospitals and community hospitals.?The self-realization and high-level demand is in the initial stage of development,showing less concern for the society,focusing on the puisuit of self-improvement.4.Content demand of elderly people living in Guangzhou:?Economic conditions,public transportation facilities and other basic security needs are satisfied,but some elderly people think that public transportation convenience and service quality requirements are not met.?For medical security needs,the elder think that chronic diseases have been guaranteed,but some elderly people are still worried about the protection of major diseases.At the same time,it is believed that the service level of tertiary hospitals and the promotion of medical services in community hospitals need to be strengthened.?The demand of neighborhood for the elderly is low,the needs of companion from children and grandchildren are high,and they are keen on high tea with their children and grandchildren.?In terms of social ideals and self-realization,self-fulfilling needs are more demanding and the main way to achieve demand is the elder university.5.The transformation of the concept of elder care affects the needs of the elderly,and the acceptance of the nursing home is improved.However,the elder still believe that the disadvantages of the nursing home service need to be continuously improved. |
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