| BackgroundUterine leiomyoma is a common gynecological disease,although it is a benign tumor,it affects about 25% of women's lives.It is estimated that 77% of women develop uterine leiomyoma in their lifetime,and 15-30% of these women develop significant symptoms,including pelvic discomfort,dysmenorrhea,menorrhagia,anemia,urinary incontinence,secondary infertility,and premature delivery.The pathogenesis and mechanism of uterine leiomyoma are not clear,but a large number of studies have shown that the expression level of estrogen is closely related to the occurrence of uterine leiomyoma.The incidence of uterine leiomyoma in women of childbearing age is high,and the incidence of uterine leiomyoma decreases after menopause due to the withdrawal of estrogen,and the original uterine leiomyoma also become smaller or cured.Phytoestrogens are estrogen-like compounds found in plants,which are commonly found in human and animal diets and have very weak estrogen activity.Since phytoestrogens have similar molecular structure and biological activities to endogenous estrogens,it has become a hot topic whether eating soy products rich in phytoestrogens can promote the occurrence and development of uterine leiomyoma and whether patients with uterine leiomyoma can eat soy products.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to study the effect of genistein on uterus of ovariectomized rats in vivo and the effect of genistein on the proliferation and apoptosis of human uterine leiomyoma cells in vitro,to clarify the effect of phytoestrogens on the occurrence and development of uterine leiomyoma,and to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of uterine leiomyoma using phytoestrogens.MethodsTwenty-four 3-month old female SD rats were randomly divided into the genistein group,the benzoyl estradiol group,the sham operation group and the ovariectomized control group,6 rats in each group were given the drug on the second day after ovariectomization,and uterine specimens were collected for paraffin sections and staining after 8 weeks of treatment.The thickness of endometrium and uterine smooth muscle and the number of uterine glands were measured.Uterine leiomyoma cells were obtained by tissue block method,the cells were identified by immunocytochemistry,and the cell proliferation activity was detected by CCK-8 method at 24,48 and 72 hours after intervention with different concentrations of genistein(0.01 ug /ml,0.1 ug /ml,1 ug /ml,10 ug /ml,25 ug /ml,50 ug /ml).Flow cytometry was used to detect the effect of cell apoptosis with genistein.ResultsThe thickness of endometrium and smooth muscle and the number of uterine glands increased in ovariectomized rats after the intervention of genistein.However,all the 3 indexes were lower than the estradiol benzoate group and the sham operation group,and no neoplastic hyperplasia of uterine smooth muscle was observed.In the experiment of using CCK-8 to detect the proliferation of uterine leiomyoma cells,compared with the blank control group,the absorbance of the cells in the low concentration of genistein group(0.01-1 ug /ml)increased significantly,while the absorbance of the cells in the high concentration of genistein group(10-50 ug /ml)decreased significantly.The results showed that low concentration of genistein could promote the proliferation of uterine leiomyoma cells and high concentration of genistein could inhibit the proliferation of uterine leiomyoma cells.Apoptosis experiments showed no significant difference in the proportion of apoptotic cells(1 ug /ml)in the low concentration genistein group compared with the blank control group(P>0.05).However,the apoptosis rate of uterine leiomyoma cells in the group with high concentration of genistein(10-50 ug /ml)increased significantly(P<0.05),suggesting that high concentration of genistein could promote the apoptosis of uterine leiomyoma cells.Conclusions1.genistein can thicken endometrium and uterine smooth muscle and increase glandular number in ovariectomized rats,and have therapeutic effect on uterine changes caused by estrogen withdrawal.2.The use of genistein after estrogen deprivation will not cause excessive hyperplasia of endometrium and myometrium.3.genistein can inhibit the proliferation of uterine leiomyom cells,promote the apoptosis of uterine leiomyom cells,and play a role in the prevention and treatment of uterine leiomyom. |
PDF Full Text Request