Expression And Significance Of Tumor-associated Macrophages And HIF-1??PKM2 In Skin Tumors

Objective To explore the expression of tumor-associated macrophages,hypoxia-inducible factor HIF-1? and key glycolytic enzyme PKM2 in common skin tumors,to analyze whether the expressions of the three factors in skin tumors are correlated,To further understand the relationship between metabolism and immune regulation in skin tumors.Methods paraffin-embeded tissues of skin lesions from normal patients and patients with skin tumors were collected,a total of 67 cases were collected.Including melanoma 15 cases,squamous cell carcinoma 16 cases,actinic keratosis 15 cases,pigmented nevus 13 cases,normal skin 8 cases.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of tumor-associated macrophages marker CD163,key glycolytic enzyme PKM2,and HIF-1? in diseased and normal skin tissues,the clinical data were analyzed retrospectively,and the relationship between each index and clinical manifestation was analyzed by statistical method,finally analyze the correlation between tumor-associated macrophages CD163,hypoxia-inducible factor HIF-1? and glycolytic enzyme PKM2.Results(1)The expression of CD163,PKM2,HIF-1? in normal skin,nevus,melanoma was statistically significant,in normal skin,actinic keratosis,squamous cell carcinoma was statistically significant(P<0.05).(2)There was no significant difference in CD163 between normal skin and nevus,solar keratosis and squamous cell carcinoma(P > 0.05).There were significant differences between normal skin and melanoma,nevus and melanoma,normal skin and actinic keratosis,and between normal skin and squamous cell carcinoma(P < 0.05).(3)PKM2 was significantly different between normal skin and melanoma,nevus and melanoma,normal skin and skin squamous cell carcinoma(P<0.05).Comparison between normal skin and nevus,normal skin and actinic keratosis,actinic keratosis and skin squamous cell carcinoma showed no significant difference(P>0.05).(4)There were significant differences in HIF-1? between normal skin and melanoma,nevus and melanoma,normal skin and squamous cell carcinoma(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between normal skin and nevus,normal skin and actinic keratosis(P>0.05).(5)CD163 was correlated with the expression of PKM2 and HIF-1?,and the expression of PKM2 was significantly correlated with HIF-1?(P<0.05).Conclusion(1)Differences of CD163 expression in skin tumors suggested that TAMs was involved in the progression of skin tumors,but the specific mechanism remains unclear.(2)Expression differences of PKM2 and HIF-1? in skin tumors suggest that glycolysis is enhanced in skin tumors,and glycolysis provides energy for the development of skin tumors.(3)The expression of PKM2 and HIF-1? was significantly correlated,suggesting that PKM2 and HIF-1? may interact with each other to promote the occurrence of tumor glycolysis.(4)The expression of PKM2 and HIF-1? was significantly correlated with the expression of CD163,suggesting that PKM2 and HIF-1? may be related to the polarization and recruitment of TAMs,and there may be some regulatory mechanism between glucose metabolism and tumor-related immune cells,but the specific mechanism remains unclear.