| Objective:To grasp the health status of the elderly over 60 years old in Xinjiang Corps,and analyze the related influencing factors,so as to provide basis for the nutrition improvement and health guidance of the elderly in Xinjiang.Methods:From March 2018to July 2018,13 divisions and 14 sentinel hospitals of Xinjiang Construction Corps were selected as key monitoring units by stratified random sampling.Two regiments were selected from each division of the first floor,26 regiments and 14 sentinel hospitals were selected as monitoring points,and 50 permanent residents over 60 years old were selected from each monitoring point of the second floor.A total of 1981cases permanent residents over 60 years old were investigated by health examination,questionnaire and dietary survey.The diet was analyzed by V1.6 nutrition calculator,and the data were analyzed by SPSS20.0 statistical software.The test level a=0.05,P<0.05 indicated that there was significant difference.Measurement data were described by mean standard deviation(±s),t test.Counting data were expressed by rate(%).?~2test and trend?~2 test were used.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors.Results:1.Survey 1981 elderly people,924 males(46.64%)and 1057 females(53.36%).The age ranged from 60 to 93 years,with an average of 71.79±6.87 years.Illiteracy and primary school education were the main education levels,470 cases(23.73%)and 850 cases(42.91%)respectively.Agricultural and worker/individual were the main occupations,with 936 cases(47.25%)and 396 cases(19.99%)respectively.237 cases smoked(11.96%)and 79 cases drank(3.99%).1131 cases(57.09%)took physical exercises in peacetime.Walking was the main way of exercise.2.The results of dietary survey showed that the average daily food intake was 306.56 g for cereals,300.94 g for vegetables,92.84 g for livestock and poultry,103.55 g for fruits,59.72 g for legumes,115.36 g for milk,39.78 g for eggs,42.83 g for edible oil and 12.60 g for salt.Nutrient intake:the average daily energy intake was 2228.74 kcal,which was 120.47%of the recommended intake.The average fat intake was 83.14g,which was 166.28%of the recommended intake.The average protein intake was 55.12g,which was 78.74%of the recommended intake.The average intake of carbohydrates was 295g,which was 105.35%of the recommended intake.The average intake of calcium,iron,vitamin A,vitamin B1,vitamin B2 and vitamin C were lower than the recommended intake.The heating ratios of carbohydrate,fat and protein are 52.94%,33.57%and 9.89%respectively.3.Nutrition-related diseases in the elderly:Among 1981 cases elderly people over 60 years old,820 cases were overweight(41.39%),of which 381 cases were males(41.23%)and 439 cases were females(41.53%).There was no significant difference by?~2 test.There is a significant difference in the overweight rate among different age groups,which decreases with the increase of age.331 cases(16.71%)were obesity,including 138 cases(14.94%)for males and 193 cases(18.26%)for females.The difference was statistically significant by?~2 test,with females higher than males.Obesity rates among different age groups were significantly different.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that per capita food consumption was a risk factor for overweight and obesity in the elderly.Age over 80years old,education level above high school,per capita monthly income of family from5000~<10000 and exercise were protective factors.There were 535 cases of central obesity(27.01%),of which 206 cases were male(22.29%)and 329 cases were female(31.13%).The difference was statistically significant by?~2 test.The female was higher than the male.There were significant differences between men and women in 60~,70~and 75~groups,and there were significant differences in central obesity rates among different age groups.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that smoking,drinking,family income per capita,overweight and obesity were risk factors for central obesity in the elderly,while male and occupational history were protective factors.653cases(32.96%)had dyslipidemia,of which 345 cases(37.34%)were males and 308 cases(29.14%)were females.There was a significant difference between males and females by?~2test.There was a significant difference between men and women in the 60~age group.There was a significant difference in the detection rate of dyslipidemia among different age groups,which decreased with the increase of age.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male,overweight and obesity were risk factors for dyslipidemia in the elderly.The detection rates of hyperTG,hyperTC,hypoHDL-C and hyperLDL-C were11.86%,14.34%,25.85%and 5.6%respectively.1029 cases(51.94%)of hypertension were male 508 cases(54.98%)and female 521 cases(49.29%).The difference was statistically significant by?~2test,and male was higher than female.There was a significant difference in the detection rate of hypertension among different age groups,and it increased with the increase of age.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age,overweight and obesity were risk factors for hypertension in the elderly.280 cases(14.13%)of diabetes mellitus,including 119 cases(12.88%)of male and 161 cases(15.23%)of female.There was no significant difference by?~2test.There was statistically significant difference in the detection rate of diabetes between different genders and age groups.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of diabetes mellitus in the elderly were business personnel,smoking,overweight and obesity.313cases(15.80%)of anemia,of which 194 cases(21.00%)were male and 119 cases(11.72%)were female.The difference was statistically significant by?~2 test,with male being higher than female.There were significant differences between men and women in 65~,70~,75~and 80~groups,and there was no significant difference in the detection rate of anemia among different age groups.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male and smoking were risk factors for anemia in the elderly,while overweight and obesity were protective factors.Conclusion:1.The elderly over 60 years old in Xinjiang Corps had unreasonable life style,less physical activity and longer rest time.2.There were unreasonable dietary structure,high energy,high fat and low protein in the elderly over 60years old in Xinjiang Corps.3.The elderly over 60 years old in Xinjiang Corps had the phenomenon of insufficient intake of micronutrients,high oil and high salt.4.Nutrition-related diseases of the elderly in Xinjiang Corps were at a high level,especially the detection rate of hypertension and overweight/obesity.By logistic regression analysis,it was found that overweight and obesity were risk factors for nutrition-related diseases of the elderly in the Xinjiang Corps.5.Low HDL-C blood lipid was the main abnormality in the elderly in Xinjiang Corps.6.The detection rate of diabetes in the elderly in Xinjiang Corps was 14.13%.The detection rate of diabetes increases with age from 60~to 70~,and decreases with age from 75 to later.7.Elderly people in Xinjiang Corps were relatively lack of nutrition-related knowledge.They should carry out dietary guidance and health education through various channels. |
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