Comparative Study On The Quality Of Prunus Humilis Kernel From Different Germplasm

Objective:The differences in appearance,microstructure,active c omponents,heavy metal content and fingerprints of different germplas m of Prunus humilis kernel were analysed in order to provide theoreti cal basis for quality control and breeding of medicinal materials.Methods:The appearance,morphological characteristics and variability of 10 different kinds ofplants were observed.The microscopical observation of different germplasm was made by usingstereoscope and scanning electron microscopy.Using HPLC and GC to qualitatively and quantitatively determine the active components of 10 germplasms,and the differences were analyzed and the correlation analysis was conducted.The content of heavy metals was determined byinductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer(ICP).HPLC method was used to determine the fingerprints of Prunus humilis kernel,and the principal component analysis,similarity analysis and clustering analysis were performed on the data.Results: 1.There were significant differences in the appearance traits between the original plants of different germplasm,and mainly manifested in the fruit and seeds of the reproductive organs.The morphological variation between mainly comes from germplasm,quality variation Prunus humilis kernel main sources of variation between visible these traits are controlled by the strong genetic,there is no significant variation in germplasm and explain different germplasm genetic traits is stable,for breeding of good varieties.According to the correlation analysis of fruit and seed kernel data,it can be seen that there is a significant correlation between seed kernel and fruit size,weight and other data.2.The content of the active ingredients of the 10 germplasm species was significantly different,among which,the content of amygdalin was 0.32% to 3.24%,and the content of five species reached 2% in the pharmacopoeia,and the other five were not up to the standard.The content of seed oil was between 40.19% and 50.27%,and eight fatty acid components were detected,respectively,palmitate,palmitoleic acid,stearic acid,oleic acid,linoleic acid,linolenic acid,arachidonic acid,cis-11-20 c acid.Appearance of active ingredient and fruit seed carries on the correlation analysis showed that content of laetrile and fruit size,fruit weight was significantly negative correlation,fatty oil content and fruit traits has no obvious correlation.There was no significant correlation between the content of amygdalin and the seed characters and the yield and yield,but the oil content was significantly correlated with seed weight,transverse diameter and lateral diameter.It can be inferred that there is a correlation between the content of the active ingredient and its appearance.3.Heavy metal content determination showed that the content of heavy metals in different germplasm seeds widely on the high side,shows the original plants of metal elements has certain enrichment,it is recommended to develop Prunus humilis kernelmedicinal materials to determination of heavy metal content standards should be targeted.4.The fingerprint determination conditions are optimized,compared with 10 different germplasms Prunus humilis kernel of fingerprint,and the different sources of Pruni semen medicine fingerprint on the basis of the comparison,has established the HPLC fingerprint of traditional Chinese medicine Prunus humilis kerneldetermination method,established the Chinese medicine Prunus humilis kernel HPLC fingerprint.Conclusion: The variation of germplasm between the 10 different cultivars is obvious,and the genetic characters in germplasm are stable,and the breeding of fine varieties can be carried out.In appearance,the content of active ingredients,andthe heavy metal content in all have obvious differences between different germplasm Prunus humilis kernel,there is a correlationbetween the active ingredient and appearance.The active ingredient and heavy metal content should be determined in the breeding of good medicinal varieties.The fingerprint showed that different species of Prunus humilis kernel had small differences in the chemical composition and the similarity degree,but the content difference was large,and there was a significant difference in quality.Therefore,it is an effective method to improve the quality of medicinal materials.The established fingerprint map is suitable for the quality control of Prunus humilis kernel.