| Objective:To understand the nutritional level of vitamin D and its influencing factors,and providing scientific basis for preventing vitamin D deficiency,by aligning the vitamin D of children aged 0-6 years in a hospital in Qiqihar City.Methods:From January 2017 to December 2017,420 children aged 0-6 years from a hospital in Qiqihar City were selected as subjects.A questionnaire survey was conducted on the mothers of all selected subjects,and the age and blood collection season of the children were collected.The serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was determined by a fully automated electrochemiluminescence immunoassay system and classified into deficiency,deficiency and appropriateness.Three groups.To analyze the status of vitamin D levels in children with different characteristics,and to analyze the vitamin D levels of children with different characteristics by single factor and multi-factor analysis to obtain the factors affecting children's vitamin D levels.Data analysis was performed using SPSS 24.0 software,single factor analysis using rank sum test;multivariate analysis using unconditional logistic regression model.Results:1.General situation of children aged from 1.0 to 6 years old(1)In this study,children aged 0-6 included 226 boys(53.81%)and 194 girls(46.19%);74 patients(17.62%)aged 0~years old,77 patients(18.33%)aged 1~ years old,75 cases(17.86%)aged 2~years old,58 cases(13.81%)aged 3~years old,44 cases(10.48%)aged 4~years old,28 cases(6.67%)aged 5~years old,and 64 cases(15.24%)aged 6~years old.The composition ratio of living in cities and villages is 50.24% and 49.76% respectively.(2)The number of children aged 0-6 years in spring was the highest,151 cases(35.95%,151/420),and the children born in winter from 0 to 6 years old were the least,61 cases(14.52%,61/420).(3)The maximum number of exclusive breastfeeding in the 4 months after birth was 325(77.38%,325/420).The formula was the least,with 21 cases(5.00%,21/420).The majority of breastfeeding patients were 4 to 6 months after birth,with 309 cases(73.57%,309/420).(4)The number of cases of pneumonia in children aged 0-6 years was 274(56.50%),and 114 cases(23.51%)occurred in upper respiratory tract infections and repeated respiratory infections.The blood collection season for children aged 0-6 years is mostly spring and winter.The number of children taking blood is 121(28.81%)and 112(26.67%).2.Analysis of related factors of vitamin D levels in children with different characteristics from 0 to 6 years oldThis study included 420 children aged 0-6 years as subjects.Among them,117(27.86%)children had vitamin D deficiency.72(17.14%)children had insufficient vitamin D.231 children had appropriate vitamin D,accounting for 55.00%.(1)The difference in gender of 25(OH)D between 0 and 6 years old was statistically significant(P<0.05).(2)The average level of 25(OH)D in the 0~year group was the highest,at 29.38 ng/ml.The average level of 25(OH)D in the 6~ year old group was the lowest,being 13.11 ng/ml.According to the Kruskal-Wallis test,the difference of 25(OH)D levels among different age groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).(3)In the 4-6 months after birth,the 25(OH)D level of exclusively breastfed infants was the lowest at 19.56(12.83,26.61)ng/ml.The rate of vitamin D deficiency in exclusive breastfeeders(32.36%)was significantly higher than that of formula-fed patients(12.82%)and mixed-feeders(16.67%).(4)The 25(OH)D level of the vitamin D supplement was 26.10(21.74,31.60)ng/ml,which was significantly higher than that of the unsupplemented(14.41(11.06,18.10)ng/ml).(5)The 25(OH)D level of the urban resident population is 19.22(14.40,26.62)ng/ml,which is significantly lower than the rural resident population(22.90(13.91,28.82)ng/ml).(6)In the four blood collection seasons,the 25(OH)D level of children in summer blood collection was the highest,being 27.27(21.40,33.78)ng/ml.The vitamin D deficiency rate of children who took blood in summer(9.09%)was significantly lower than that of children who collected blood in spring,autumn and winter(34.71%,26.26%,36.61%).(7)In the present study,the 25(OH)D levels of children with upper respiratory tract infection,repeated respiratory infection,bronchiolitis,and diarrhea were significantly different from those without infection(P<0.05).(8)Vitamin D supplementation was a protective factor for vitamin D deficiency in the absence group compared to the appropriate group(OR=0.016,[0.006,0.042]).Blood collection in summer(OR=0.043,[0.012,0.153])and autumn(OR=0.245,[0.077,0.774])is a protective factor for vitamin D deficiency compared to winter blood collection.In the 4-6 months after birth,the risk of vitamin D deficiency in children aged 0-6 years was exclusively 5.512 times that of mixed feeding(OR95% CI=1.446,21.010).Repeated respiratory infections are a risk factor for vitamin D deficiency(OR=14.235,[3.551,57.065]).Insufficient group compared with the appropriate group,vitamin D supplementation is a protective factor for vitamin D deficiency(OR=0.075,[0.032,0.173]).In the 4-6 months after birth,the risk of vitamin D deficiency in children aged 0-6 years was 100.70 times higher than that of mixed feeding(OR95% CI=1.116,12.732).Living in cities is a risk factor for vitamin D deficiency compared with children living in rural areas(OR=4.027,[1.938,8.366]).Conclusions:1.The vitamin D level of children in the hospital from 0 to 6 years old is low,and the supplement of vitamin D should be emphasized.The vitamin D level of children aged 0~6 years is affected by factors such as age,feeding method,vitamin D supplementation,place of residence,blood collection season and disease type.2.Exclusive breastfeeding and repeated respiratory infections are risk factors for vitamin D deficiency in children aged 0-6 years,and supplementation with vitamin D is a protective factor for vitamin D deficiency in children aged 0-6 years.3.Exclusive breastfeeding and living in the city are risk factors for vitamin D deficiency in children aged 0-6 years,and supplementation with vitamin D is a protective factor for vitamin D deficiency in children aged 0-6 years. |
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