| Objective:(1)Understand the prevalence of dental fluorosis among children aged 8 to 12 years in a county in Lvliang Prefecture.(2)Analyze the relationship between dental fluorosis and the content of copper,zinc,calcium,magnesium and iron in serum.(3)Understand the influencing factors of dental fluorosis.Methods:(1)A drinking-type fluorosis village in a county in Lvliang Prefecture along the Yellow River and a control village that meet the national drinking water standards were selected randomly,the children aged 8 to 12 years in two villages with the prevalence of dental fluorosis was investigated through on-site inspection.(2)Collected the peripheral venous blood of the children aged 8 to 12 years,and determined the content of copper,zinc,calcium,magnesium and iron in their serum.(3)Collected the general information of children aged 8 to 12 years in the ward by questionnaire survey,and analyzed the influencing factors of dental fluorosis.The data were recorded and collected in the Excel table.Statistical analysis was made using the SPSS20.0 statistical software.The statistical method was the chi-square test,one way anova and the non-conditional Logistic regression analysis.The test level was ?=0.05.Results:(1)A total of 120 children aged 8 to 12 years were investigated in two surveyed villages.According to the WS/T208-2001 dental fluorosis clinical diagnostic criteria,thedetection rate of dental fluorosis was 37.04%(30/81)and 15.38%(6/39),there was a statistical difference(?2=5.88,P<0.05);according to the Dean index method for the diagnosis of dental fluorosis,the detection rate of dental fluorosis in the two survey villages was 37.04%(30/81)and 17.95%(7/39),respectively,there was also a statistical difference(?2=4.50,P<0.05).Therefore,based on different diagnostic criteria of dental fluorosis,the conclusions obtained are consistent.(2)One way anova in the levels of copper,zinc,calcium,magnesium and iron in the serum of 114 children with dental fluorosis,normal children in the ward and normal children in the control village was analyzed,and the test level was ?=0.05.The results showed that there was not any statistical difference in the content of copper and zinc between the three groups(P>0.05),but there was a significant difference in calcium,magnesium and iron content(P<0.001).Tamhane's T2 method was used to compare the average number betwwen two groups.The test level was ?=0.05.There was a statistical difference of the calcium,magnesium and iron content between the children with dental fluorosis in the ward and normal children in the control village(P<0.001).There was a statistical difference of the the calcium,magnesium and iron content between normal children in the ward and normal children in the control village(P<0.001).There was a statistical difference of the calcium,magnesium and iron content between the children with dental fluorosis in the ward and normal children in the ward(P<0.001).The level of calcium,magnesium and iron in the three groups varied from high to low: normal children in the control village > normal children in the ward >the children with dental fluorosis in the ward.(3)The univariate analysis of dental fluorosis mainly included factors such as age(?2=23.93,P<0.01),mother's education level(?2=6.45,P<0.05),family's economic status(?2=12.68,P<0.01),access to oral hygiene knowledge(?2=18.54,P<0.01),food types of each meal(?2=6.38,P<0.05),and the use of fluoride toothpaste(?2=6.86,P<0.01).Further multivariate logistic regression showed that increasing in age was a risk factor of dental fluorosis(OR=2.68,OR95%CI 1.60 to 4.50).The age is older,the time of exposure to fluorosis is longer,and the disease rate is higher.Better family economic status and moreoral hygiene knowledge is protective factors of dental fluorosis(OR=0.19,OR95%CI 0.05 to 0.72;OR=0.08,OR95%CI 0.02 to 0.43).The results showed better family economic status and more knowledge gained in oral hygiene,lower rate of dental fluorosis.Conclusion:(1)The prevalence of dental fluorosis among children aged 8 to 12 years is high in drinking-type fluorosis villages in a county in Lvliang District,and local areas need to take care.(2)Calcium and magnesium may cause a certain degree of antagonism on the mechanism of fluoride in the organism.The results showed that the children with dental fluorosis aged 8 to 12 years in the ward have obvious symptoms of low calcium and magnesium,so it is necessary to supplement calcium,magnesium and other trace elements for children in time.In addition,the iron content of the children with dental fluorosis in the ward was significantly lower than normal children in the ward and normal children in the control village,and iron intake should be increased in a timely manner.(3)Increasing in age is a risk factor of dental fluorosis,better family economic status and more oral hygiene knowledge is protective factors of dental fluorosis. |
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