Expression And Clinical Significance Of Regulatory T Cells And Dendritic Cells In Multiple Myeloma

Objective Multiple myeloma(MM)is a primary plasma cell malignancy characterized by abnormal proliferation of plasma cells secreting abnormal monoclonal immunoglobulins or fragments thereof.Clinical manifestations include anemia,bone pain,hypercalcemia,and renal insufficiency.The exact pathogenesis and mechanism of MM is not yet clear,but studies have found that the immune function abnormalities are closely related to the occurrence and development of MM and the efficacy and prognosis of patients.This study focuses on the role of regulatory T cells(Tregs)and dendritic cells(DCs)in MM.Methods 37 cases of MM patients and 10 controls were collected.Peripheral blood was collected from 3 ml of selected individuals.Mononuclear cells were isolated after extraction.Treg cells and mDC and pDC cells were detected by flow cytometry and then collect experimental data.The clinical indicators were sorted and SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Different statistical indicators were used according to the types of variables.The differences between the levels of Treg cells,mDCs and pDC cells and the control group,and the differences between different stages,different disease states,and clinical index groups were analyzed and compared,and the correlation between them and clinical indicators was analyzed.Results(1)The Treg cells in MM patients were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.01),and the Treg cells in the relapsed and transplanted patients were all higher than those in the stable group(P<0.05);atdifferent stages,different disease states and There was no significant difference in the expression of Treg cells between the clinical index groups.(2)The difference between DC and MM patients was not statistically significant,but in the different disease groups,the mDC after transplantation was higher than that of the control group,and the pDC recurrence group was significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05);There was no significant difference in DC expression during staging;in the clinical indicators group,the ratio of mDC and pDC in female or PLT(?100)MM patients was significantly decreased(P<0.05);in terms of hemoglobin In the albumin group,mDC in peripheral blood of patients with HB(? 100)and low albumin was lower(P<0.05),and the IgA mDC was significantly lower than that of IgG.(3)Correlation studies found that mDCs in peripheral blood were positively correlated with hemoglobin and albumin and negatively correlated with ?2microglobulin(r=0.431,P=0.012;r=0.352,P=0.033;r=-0.351,P= 0.036)There was no correlation between Treg cells and DC and related clinical parameters.Conclusion The Treg cells in MM patients were significantly higher than those in the control group.The higher Treg cells in the relapse group than in the stable group suggest that Treg cells play an important role in the development of MM and have a certain value in the prognosis of the disease.There was a positive correlation between mDCs in peripheral blood and hemoglobin and albumin,and a negative correlation between ?2 microglobulin.The mDCs in the group after transplantation were higher than those in the control group,and the pDC recurrence group was significantly lower than that in the control group,suggesting that DC is a serious disease in MM patients.The degree and the clinical efficacy have a certain predictive effect.However,the correlation between Treg and DC was not found.