The Control Study Of Learning Disabilities In School-age Children With Speech Sound Disorders

Objective: Speech sound disorder(SSD)is the most common speech disorder.However,the cause of SSD is still not clear,involving complex role of genetic and environmental factors.Some investigations have demonstrated that children with preschool SSD are at high risk of school-age academic difficulties and even psychological disorders.Furthermore,the work and social interaction in adulthood were affected,and the quality of life was reduced.Foreign studies on the academic performance of SSD in school-age demonstrated that children with early childhood SSD have found academic difficulties especially dyslexia.This paper studies the learning and reading abilities of SSD children in school-age(6-11 years),so as to recognize the learning situation of SSD and to provide evidence for early intervention.Methods: A total of 54 patients who were diagnosed with speech sound disorder(SSD)in the department of developmental pediatric of Shengjing Hospital,China medical university were followed at 6-11 years from March 2017 to January 2018.61 children who came to our department for normal healthy examination matched for ages were selected as control group,the selected criteria were as the following: normal intelligence(FIQ>85),normal hearing,normal vision,no speech language disorder,except ADHD and other mental and neurological disorders.There was no significant differences in gender and age between the two groups;The Chinese Wechsler Intelligence Scale was used to assess intelligence test,self-made scales was used to measure reading abilities.At the same time,the parents filled in the Pupil Rating Scale Revised Screening for Learning Disabilities directed by special person.The rating scale for articulation designed by China Rehabilitation Research Center was used to evaluate the patients' speech sound errors.Results: 1.There was no significant differences in the mean FIQ of SSD group(102.32±11.21)and the mean FIQ of control group(105.17±6.46),the data of the two group were comparable.The mean PIQ of SSD group(98.56±9.18)was lower than the mean PIQ of control group(103.00±5.86),and there was significant differences between the two groups.2.All of in the 54 cases with initial diagnosis of SSD were found haderrors in consonant sounds,and one of them had errors in vowel sounds.There were still23 cases with speech sound errors at the time of follow-up study.3.The errors number of reading phrase in SSD group were higher than that of the control group,the scores of reading passage in SSD group were lower than that of the control group,there was significant differences between the two groups.4.The incidence of learning disabilities in SSD group was significantly higher than that of the control group,and the difference between the two group was significant;According to the classification of the learning disabilities,the incidence of verbal learning disabilities,nonverbal learning disabilities and combined learning disabilities were compared,the incidence of learning disabilities in SSD group were higher than that in control group,but with no significance.5.The scores of auditory comprehension,spoken language,motor coordination,and personal social behaviors in SSD group were slightly lower than that of the control group,two groups had significant difference;There was no significant differences in time orientation judgment scores between the SSD group and the control group;Verbal learning disabilities scores,nonverbal learning disabilities scores and total scores of SSD group were lower than that of the control group,there was significant differences between the two groups.Conclusion: 1.The incidence of learning disability and dyslexia in Chinese SSD children is higher than that of normal children.2.Chinese SSD children have low motor coordination skills and personal social behaviors.