| Objective:Using geographic information systems to study the spatial distribution of HIV/AIDS cases in Ruili from 1989 to 2016,to explore the spatial clustering of cases,to find epidemic focus area,and to provide scientific basis for prevention.Methods:In this research,a retrospective research was conducted to analyze the overall prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Ruili from 1989 to 2016 based on the data of HIV/AIDS cases reported.Using the GIS spatial mapping software MapInfo 12.0.2 to make administrative villages and some natural villages electronic map of Ruili.And data of cases were imported to the electronic map to analyze the spatial distribution of cases.Spatial auto correlation analysis was conducted by using GIS spatial statistical analysis software GeoDa1.4.6 to explore whether the cases were clustered,to localize the aggregation area.Microsoft Excel 2007 was used to collate data.And SPSS 17.0 was used for statistical analysis.Results:1.From 1989 to 2016,there were 8,898 HIV/AIDS cases reported in Ruili,among which 72.47%was people living with.HIV,and 27.53%was AIDS patients.The number of reported cases rosed with an annual growth rate of 2.16 percent.Among the total reported cases,4,321 Chinese cases and 4,577 cases of foreign cases were reported,and the proportion of foreign cases reported each year showed an overall upward trend(x 2=1083.89,P<0.001).In total reported HIV/AIDS cases,male to female ratio was 2.46:1,mainly in the 20?39 years old age group,the nationality was mainly Dai nationality and Han nationality,the profession for most farmers,most of the cases were married having a spouse,culture degree with elementary school most,and the route of infection was mainly heterosexual transmission.2.In this research,3745 Chinese cases were selected to meet the mapping cases.Accurating to the administrative villages in the electronic map,founding that the cases were concentrated in villages along the China-Myanmar border which were form northeast to southwest and form the Jiele village to Nongdao village.Spatial auto correlation analysis showed that cases distributed spatial clustering,gathering in east-central Mengmao town,the main city area and suburban area.And 2005-2011 was the spreading stage of the AIDS epidemic situation.Since 2012,the epidemic situation in the main urban area and the suburban area of central was still serious.3.There were similarity and difference in spatial distribution of HIV/AIDS cases through intravenous drug use and heterosexual transmission.The similarity was that the spatial distribution of the whole case was roughly the same as each other's,and the difference was the distribution of cases in some local locations.The two-variable auto correlation analysis showed that transsexual transmission was the key risk factor for the AIDS epidemic situation in Ruili.4.The epidemic situation of administrative villages which natural villages had a top-ranking cumulative number of cases was also serious.And the agreement between them indicates that the spatial distribution of cases in administrative villages showed the key areas of the epidemic some accurately.At the same time,it was found that there were 10 natural villages with top-ranking cumulative number of cases of 6 administrative villages which also had the natural villages with few cases,and the research on this phenomenon can be used as a follow-up research direction.5.The research found that 8 of the 10 administrative villages in the top 10 of the total reported cases from 1989 to 1994 were contiguous with Myanmar.And there were four administrative villages selected from 1989 to 1994,and the vast majority of of cases of these four administrative villages distributed in the natural villages bordering Myanmar,which to a certain extent,assistly explain the academic view that the epidemic situation of AIDS in Ruili came from Myanmar.Conclusions:1.The epidemic situation of AIDS in Ruili was grim.From 1989 to 2016,the number of new HIV/AIDS cases in Ruili was on the rise,and the number of cases reported from 2004 to present was not less than 300.The number of reported foreign HIV/AIDS cases(mainly Burmese)had risen rapidly over the years.The foreign population of Ruili had become the important population of AIDS infection and transmission of Ruili.2.The distribution of Chinese HIV/AIDS cases in Ruili from 1989 to 2016 was concentrated and clustered.The distribution of HIV/AIDS cases in Ruili had a clear and concentrated distribution area.The distribution of HIV/AIDS cases was spatially aggregated in 19 years of 28 years from 1989 to 2016.The cases were mainly concentrated in the main urban area and the suburban administrative village in the middle east area.3.From 1989 to 2016,the cumulative cases of transsexual infection and intravenous drug use were both unified and different in spatial distribution.And through heterosexual transmission is the decisive factor affecting the development of Ruili HIV/AIDS in recent years.4.A few natural villages with serous epidemic situation of AIDS were found,and which to a certain extent,tested the administrative levels of the accuracy of the spatial distribution of cases,and also to provides a train of thought for subsequent comparative research.5.This research assistly explain the academic academic view that the epidemic situation of AIDS in Ruili came from Myanmar. |
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