Application Of Spatial Analysis Methods In The Study Of The Distribution Of Tuberculosis In China

Objectives:Tuberculosis is a familiar infectious disease that has done a lot of harm to human being.It spreads extensively and severely in some areas in China.This study was mainly designed to use spatial analysis methods to analyze the distribution of tuberculosis and explore its relationship with socioeconomic factors.This study was in order to provide scientific basis for prevention and cure for tuberculosis.Methods:Relevant databases were set up after collection of data from National Sampling Survys on tuberculosis in China.Spatial analysis was undertaken after the databases linked to the software which was supported by Arcview3.2/SAS8.0/SPSS11.5.Correlation analysis was performed to understand the relationship between the prevalence rate of active pulmonary tuberculosis,the mortality rate of the pulmonary tuberculosis and socioeconomic factors.Results:(1)Contour plot and kyrtograph were made to analyze the spatial distribution of tuberculosis.The 4-order trend-surface equation could describe the distribution of pulmonary tuberculosis in China.(2)Electronic maps were made to analyze the spatial distribution of tuberculosis.According to the Moran'sⅠanalysis,there were not significant spatial clustering of the prevalence rate of active pulmonary tuberculosis(Z=0.775,P＞0.05)and the mortality rate of the pulmonary tuberculosis(Z=1.5976,P＞0.05)in China.LISA analysis indicated there were a "hot spot" around Xizang(Z=2.2603,P＜0.05)and a "cold spot" around Shanghai(Z=1.9642,P＜0.05), there were not "hot spot" and "cold spot" in the mortality rate of the pulmonary tuberculosis.(3)Two principle components were extracted to indicate the comprehensive assessment of the tuberculosis in China.According to clustering analysis,three spatial distribution regions were developed and the electronic map was made to estimate the spatial distribution of the tuberculosis in China.Correspondence analysis plot was made to analyze the spatial clustering of tuberculosis.(4)The correlation between the prevalence rate of active pulmonary tuberculosis and social economy was significant r=-0.383(P=0.040).There was not significant correlation between the mortality rate of pulmonary tuberculosis and social economy r=-0.318(P=0.093). Conclusions:There were not significant spatial clustering of the prevalence rate of active pulmonary tuberculosis and the mortality rate of the pulmonary tuberculosis by Morans'Ⅰanalysis.Three spatial distribution regions were developed in tuberculosis.The relevant strategy for tuberculosis control in different spatial regions should be performed.The correlation between the prevalence rate of active pulmonary tuberculosis and social economy was significant. Objectives:The 120 emergency systems played an important role in the emergency events. This study applied GIS in the 120 emergency systems in order to implement methods for building the 120 emergency systems based on GIS in Shanxi Province.Methods:Administration boundary layer was established under the background of 1:10,000 map of Taiyuan in the Arcview3.2 software.The emergency stations and the hospitals were positioned on the map.The service area of the 120 emergency systems and the least-cost path were analyzed by GIS technologies.Results:The service area of the 120 emergency systems in Taiyuan,Shanxi Province was displayed by map based on Arcview3.2.A new method was established for the 120 emergency systems by considering actual carrying cost between distribution sites and utilizing network analysis function of GIS.This method could display routing results on road network chart in GIS according to actual condition of road network.Conclusion:The paper was how GIS technologies were used in the 120 emergency systems. It could enhance the automatization and speed of the 120 emergency systems by search -orientation technology,map-layers incorporation technology and the least-cost path technology. So GIS played an important role in the 120 emergency systems.