| Objective:By investigating the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at the national surveillance site in Jilin Province in 2014,we can initially understand the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its factors among residents in Jilin Province.It would provide the basis for formulating appropriate intervention measures,and strengthen attention to high-risk individuals.And then it would help us to construct a three-level prevention and control system for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,so that we could prevent and control chronic obstructive pulmonary disease better.Method:In this study,a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to select a total of 1656 residents aged over 40 years who lived in Jilin Province for more than 6months in the monitored area in 2014.All respondents were informed and willing to cooperate with the survey and they all signed an informed consent.The investigation mainly included three parts:on-site questionnaire,physical examination and lung function examination.After the survey,the complete information of the participants was uploaded to the national data collection platform.Data analysis was conducted by SPSS 22.0 statistical software.Descriptive analysis mainly included demographic characteristics and distribution of major risk factors.The quantitative variables were expressed as mean±standard deviation,and t-test was used for comparison between different groups.Besides,data which did not conform to the normal distribution was expressed as M(P25,P75).And rank sum test was used for comparing those data.The qualitative variables were statistically described by the composition ratios and rates.Comparison between groups was performed by means of?~2 test,and multiple factors were analyzed by using logistic regression.Result:(1)The survey investigated 1800 permanent residents aged 40 and above,and we obtained 1795 questionnaires.There were 1656 qualified questionnaires,with a passing rate of 92.26%.The average age of the surveyed subjects was(54.57±9.29)years old,containing 761 males(46.0%)and 895 female(54.0%).(2)There were 705 subjects was reported overweight,which accounted for42.6%of total participants,and 318 subjects was reported adipose,accounting for19.2%;there were 50(3.0%)preterm infants in the survey,among whom there were 8(0.5%)low birth weight infants.There were 289 cases(17.5%)of personal respiratory diseases in the participants,among them there were 736 patients(44.4%)suffering from cardiovascular disease.There were 559 cases(33.8%)suffering from family respiratory disease.Among participants who had a history of smoking,there were 480(29.0%)current smokers and 195(11.9%)former smokers,and people who smoke 21to 30 cigarettes one day accounted for 197(41%);smokers aged between 31 and 40years were 207,accounting for 30.7%;smokers who started smoking under the age of20 were 388,accounting for 57.5%;there were 382 passive smokers among those who didn't smoke,accounting for 38.9%.In regards to the type of building,there were 834multistoried buildings;among which there were 626 cases(37.8%)smaller than 60 m~2.In regards to the heating methods,828(50.0%)respondents reported using central heating,1001(60.4%)respondents reported using regular cooking fumes.What's more,there were 748(45.2%)respondents reported using biofuel to cook,and there were 1333(80.5%)respondents reported using wind equipments.There were 771(46.6%)cases of exposure to dust(harmful gas)in the survey,and 240 people took protective measures at work,which accounted for 31.1%of the population with exposure to occupational hazards.Among the respiratory symptoms of the survey subjects,78(4.7%)had chronic cough,140(8.5%)had chronic cough,and 249(15.1%)had difficulty breathing.(3)The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the surveyed patients was 11.3%(187 patients).The prevalence rates of male and female were16.3%(124 patients)and 7.0%(63 patients)respectively.The differences in prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among different genders,ages,education levels and occupational groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among obese and obese subjects was statistically significantly high(P<0.05).There was a statistically significant difference in the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease between different personal respiratory disease history,family respiratory disease history,and combined cardiovascular disease(P<0.05).There was a statistically significant difference among those who had different smoking conditions,the years of smoking(P<0.05).There was a statistically significant difference among those who belonged to different housing types(P<0.05).There was a statistically significant difference in the respondents with various cooking fuel and heating methods(P<0.05).There was a statistically significant difference in the respondents whether had history of exposure to different dusts(harmful gases)and those who whether took protective measures(P<0.05).(4)Multivariate logistic regression analysis of the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease showed that the risk factors contained the age of 50years or older,smoking,cardiovascular disease,personal respiratory disease history,and family respiratory disease history;the protective factors for the prevalence of COPD contained gender(female were less likely to suffer the disease),central obesity,and high education level.Conclusion:(1)The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in national monitoring point of Jilin Province was 11.3%in 2014,Most of the people affected were male,people over the age of 60,people with low education,and manual workers.(2)In 2014,the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among smokers at the national monitoring sites in Jilin Province was higher than that of other populations.The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was significantly higher among people who had a cigarette age of more than 40 years.(3)The main influencing factors of COPD were gender,age,education level,central obesity,smoking,cardiovascular disease,personal respiratory disease history,family respiratory disease history. |
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